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I saw that you must do the above to install some software. What exaclty is this doing?
That's how you compile from source code. The Configure bit works out your hardware, directories, configuration options etc. The Make bit compiles the software, and the Install bit moves the compiled software into the appropriate places.
Or something along those lines
Quote:
Is this recompilling the kernel?
No.
To recompile the kernel, you're looking more along the lines of:
cd /usr/src/linux
make menuconfig
make
make modules_install
Quote:
Can you compile a program from source without recompiling the kernel source?
As mentioned up above this is how you install software from source. The reason you would want to install from source verses a package for your system like deb for debian or tgz for slackware is because the software you want to install may not always be offered in a package.
I mostly use the source tarballs because it is the only way to get the latest program versions. The distro packages always show up a bit later (installed Thunderbird with Ubuntu apt-get: Version 0.8. Grabbed the 1.0 tarball from the site instead).
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