X tries the first resolution in your default depth mode line, using the highest vertical refresh it can, then tries lower and lower refresh rates until it finds one that the monitor can use (the first one it tries should be the one it uses if your XF86Config is set up correctly (or so I'm led to believe). There is a list of standard resolutions that X will use (e.g. you can't ask for something random like 1234x2000), but I don't know the contents of the list, or where to find it.
You could try refresh rates that are just out of spec, and your monitor shouldn't blow up (it'll probably just go blank, or display a message that the refresh rate is too high). Try upping the upper bound on the HorizSync and VertRefresh values until you find something that works.
Have a look at this too:
http://www.hut.fi/Misc/Electronics/f...2rgb/calc.html
Dave
P.S. Usual disclaimers apply - if your monitor blows up, it's not my fault.