Unless you can find your softmodem at
http://linmodems.org/ then you're screwed.
Softmodems are essentially soundcards with telephone sockets instead of audio jacks, they just do the AD-DA conversion and leave the CPU to do all the modulation and demodulation, thus the code required to do so is rather more complex than for a proper hardware modem (hence the term "winmodem" - the windows driver does all the work using the CPU).
Unless the maker of the modem's chipset has released programming information then the chances are that it's less trouble to go and buy a supported hardware modem. RS-232 (serial) modems are all supported, as are most PCI models. USB modems can work so long as they are CDC (Communication Device Class) compliant.
Hope this helps!