If you can remotely login to the problem computer, I'd try this WHILE the keyboard is still working normally:
Code:
From a remote computer...
$ ssh -l userid the.problem.computer.ip.address
$ cat /proc/bus/usb/devices
You should see your keyboard displayed somewhere in the output. It might not say "keyboard" specifically. My wireless/USB keyboard/mouse shows up like this:
Code:
T: Bus=03 Lev=01 Prnt=01 Port=00 Cnt=01 Dev#= 2 Spd=1.5 MxCh= 0
D: Ver= 1.10 Cls=00(>ifc ) Sub=00 Prot=00 MxPS= 8 #Cfgs= 1
P: Vendor=046d ProdID=c509 Rev=19.04
S: Manufacturer=Logitech
S: Product=USB Receiver
C:* #Ifs= 2 Cfg#= 1 Atr=a0 MxPwr= 98mA
I: If#= 0 Alt= 0 #EPs= 1 Cls=03(HID ) Sub=01 Prot=01 Driver=usbkbd
E: Ad=81(I) Atr=03(Int.) MxPS= 8 Ivl=10ms
I: If#= 1 Alt= 0 #EPs= 1 Cls=03(HID ) Sub=01 Prot=02 Driver=usbhid
E: Ad=82(I) Atr=03(Int.) MxPS= 8 Ivl=10ms
The clue that it's my keyboard is "Manufacturer=Logitech". Yours may be different.
Now walk over to the problem computer and plug the other device into the keyboard's USB port. This should trigger your failure.
From the remote computer, look at /proc/bus/usb/devices again. Has anything changed? Did the keyboard get nuked totally out of the display? Did the other device you plugged in get added? Also while remotely logged in, check /var/log/syslog, /var/log/messages, and look for any other logfile that might appear applicable. This data gathering might provide you with some clues as to what's going on.
If you can afford to take your system down, remotely edit /etc/default/bootlogd and make sure the entry there says "BOOTLOGD_ENABLE=YES". This is where the bootlog config file is on my distro (Debian) ... it may be different on yours. While still remotely logged in and with the keyboard/other_device plugged in and in failure mode, reboot the system from your remote connection. Does the system then come up normally? Do both your devices work now? We're still gathering information here - trying to determine if the problem is the two devices under any circumstance, or only when you hotplug the thing into your keyboard. Again check your /var/log/syslog, /var/log/messages, and the new file that our bootlogd change should have made available ... /var/log/boot.
Unfortunately, none of the above has actually told you how to "fix" anything. It's just gathering data to hopefully point to something that needs fixin'. What that might be .. I have no idea yet. I've never personally used a keyboard/usb_hub combo thingy.