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C++ is a superset of C. Any C code will work in C++, but not the other way around. C++ is object-oriented--it introduces the concept of encapsulated objects with private and protected members and methods, and introduces some more keywords (i.e. class, public, protected, private, new, delete, etc) and some new syntaxes. Read the tutorials for more.
The "C" language was originally designed as a simple compiler for a compact language on an equally-tiny computer. It has grown a lot since then, but it remains a language that is highly oriented toward telling the computer what to do. It's a lot easier to use than, say, assembly-language, but just about as expressive.
The "C++" language is one of the early implementations of a hybrid object-oriented language, much higher-level than C++ but originally implemented as a preprocessor: it generated "C" code as output which was then compiled. It, too, has "grown a lot since then."
I think it's fair to say that the "C++" language is much more oriented toward general-purpose computer programming than is "C", yet not as highly abstracted as other languages such as, say, Python, Perl, or REXX. It is, as I said, a hybrid object-oriented language... a superset of "C."
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