What boot options do you have with your live CD?
I used to use Knoppix live CD, you could boot into the HD install from the live CD with the command
Code:
knoppix root=/dev/hda1 noinitrd ro
If your live CD has some similar capability, perhaps you can boot into the HD install from the live CD.
or perhaps you can boot the live CD then chroot to the HD. (I think this can be done although I'm not really familiar with the chroot command.)
If you can get the system operating from the HD you should then be able to install lilo to /dev/hda.
Another thought....perhaps your live CD is mounting the HD read only. You may just have to remount it rw...