Welcome to LQ
Nvidia cards are indeed supported, however you will need to install secondary drivers to get it working good, you can get them from nvidia.com
However, during the install, it should use (as you see) the VESA driver to get it through the install. I'm guessing there is a problem elsewhere in your install, I'd see if skipping "checking the media" is an option, if it is, try it. If that's not an option, see if you can switch tty's by pressing:
CTRL + ALT + F2 while the install is going, this should give you more verbose info on what is going on. Other alterntives are to go for non graphic installs, different distros, different hardware, different monitor, different drivers, different media and so on. I'd start with the easy and work my way out
Cool