hi guys,

iam doin a project in linux and the title is inetwork inventory system. i totally new to linux. so if u guys can plz help me out to the following questions

1. i want the exact location where the softwares get installed in linux
2. exact location for hardware installed in linux
3. exact location of rpm

First you should read the "How to post a question" as your title doesn't tell us anything about what you are asking.

Second, it will depend from distro to distro as to when stuff goes. So with that, here is a generic answer to your questions.

1. Software generally gets installed under either /opt or /usr. It will be installed to the directory that the RPM, DEB, Tgz, or whatever package was made to. If you compile the source of the app you can usually specify the location yourself and therefore it can go anywhere. Some don't allow you to do this, but I'd say that those are rare.

2. Devices are mapped to /dev/devicename. Drivers can go to several places like, /lib/modules

3. the actual RPM you download can go wherever the hell you want it to. Installing that rpm will unpack and install the application to the answer in number 1.

This probably doesn't help much, but if you want to post a more specific question, I'll try to answer better. Someone else may have a better answer for you too.
Just for kicks, was there a certain distrobution we are talking about

http://www.pathname.com/fhs/pub/fhs-2.3.txt.gz

the FHS (filesystem hierarchy standard) is the standard most distros obey, the naming conventions answer at least 1 first questions, basically software gets installed in 3 main places

fir theres the main dirs

bin - were the programs are
sbin - restricted programs go here, mostly ones that usually root would us
lib - libraries

and were this all goes (the above 3 dirs go into each one, along with some others (maybe.. depends on the distro)

/ - root dir, this place is only for system files needed for the system to work, boot, and mount other file systems
/usr - this is for regular programs the distributions would install, this is split to allow it to be on a separate partition, and for organization
/usr/local - for user installed programs, like ones you compile yourself, this way they dont get mixed in with system/distro programs

there also

/usr/games - some distro put games into its own separate place

you can easly enough add places of your own, X takes /usr/X11R6, gcc goes for /usr/gcc-[system arch] ..... buts its best to play along with what your distro provides so things don't get messed up

so for #1, it can be any of 3 places, usually only 2, then there X, gcc, and quite a few distros put games into there own dir... also /opt , is another place (in gentoo it seams its mainly used for big softwares, like blackhawk (java), open office, and some binary games

for 2, drivers is such a relative term, kernel drivers can be compiled into the kernel and not "installed", drivers for printer, X, or other devices can be for separate programs, and the programs would say were they go ... (kernel "modules" (may be drivers, or serve some other purpose) go into /lib/modules/[full kernel name, and version]

so its a bit messy if you want them all to be in 1 place ... anyways, just adding to what
musicman_ace said