Unlikely as it is, check if there are some stale .lock files still laying around. See
LP#1576989 (unlikely because the bug was fixed in Qt 5.5.0, and Ubuntu 20.04 uses Qt 5.12.8).
Another thought.
Parley uses the same data format as
KWordQuiz. Can you open the files in question from within
Parley? Perhaps, it would clear the lock?