Is there a way to use Nautilus (or another non-KDE based burning program) to burn files to CD which exist on a Windows share? Whenever I drag files into the Blank CD window, it says Error (Operation not supported by backend). I'm running Ubuntu 10.04 (Lucid)

Copy the files to your local drive first and see if you have read permission for the files.

Better to burn from a local drive instead of a network drive.

I don't have a local drive large enough to hold the files, this is the live usb version.

If you have enough ram to hold the file it is all you need to copy it to your Live Session. I would give that a shot. You may want to check in Synaptic and see if you have support for the file type installed.

You can install things on your Live Session too. They work fine. They are all on your ram. They disappear, of coarse, when you reboot.

You may have to copy it as root to your system and then, as root, change the owner to "ubuntu" or whatever the Live User is before you can burn it.

This can all be done in the file manager (nautilus if you are using Ubuntu). To open it as root you would;
in terminal (Applications/Accessories/Terminal).