Greetingz!
Primary 'differences' between Slackware & CentOS;
CentOS
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RPM-based
100% RHEL-compatible (as long as no 3rd-party RPM repositories are used).
Revolves around RHEL update releases.
Most applications are the more-stable older releases.
Patches do not do major point-release upgrades of packages, rather they include backported fixes to bugs and security issues.
Many "Red Hat"-isms.
Slackware
History Main Website DistroWatch Page
Longest-running actively-maintained Linux Distribution.
tar+gzip "packages".
Follows a "Keep it Simple, Stupid" principle.
Does not revolve around GUI interfaces.
Little "customization" done to the Linux distribution. Most packages are 'stock'.
No "Red Hat"-isms (things specific to Red Hat distributions).