The DMA errors could be caused either by a hardware fault (dying hard disks or disk controller, low power supply) or by a badly configured kernel module.
Windows will not be slowed down by the presence of a Linux filesystem. All it will do to Windows is reduce the available disk space; there is no code being run any differently by windows. It may slow up booting if you have a timeout in the boot-loader, but it's exactly the same thing that gets booted.
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