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tar= tape archive file. an archive basically.
rpm= Redhat package manager file, usually compressed.
MD5(checksum)= encryption algorithym, generated to check that two files are EXACTLY the same bit for bit.
tar or tar.* generally contains source files, which are compiled and then installed.
RPM is a pre-compiled installation package.
You could use one or the other, but if you use both you're likely to end up with two separate installations of the same software.
RPms are much easier to install. You just rnu the necessary command and it installs. With the tarball, which is usually a source package. You need to obviously compile it and add your own menu entr'es and maybe run some config scripts. But the rpm does all that for oyu.
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