I have been working through the same type of problem with an Epson 1660, and have not yet reached a satisfactory conclusion, as xsane starts to scan, and then aborts, following which the scanner is no longer recognizable.
Your can try the following:
If your Epson 1200 is a scsi scanner (1200S), you don't have to modify your /etc/sane.d/epson.conf file.
If your Epson 1200 is a usb scanner (1200U), edit (as root) the /etc/sane.d/epson.conf file as follows:
Comment out the line <scsi EPSON> by inserting a # before it.
Uncomment one of the two lines <usb /dev/usb/scanner0> at the end of the file by removing the #
Save the file with the changes.
This is an essential first step for a usb scanner.
If you are using a usb scanner and the above does not solve the problem, you could in addition try changing the permissions of /dev/usb/scanner0. A quick way to do this is (as root):
chmod 666 /dev/usb/scanner0
(If this works, then make it permanent as described in man sane-usb.)
If that does not solve the problem, try:
modprobe scanner vendor=<your vendor id number> product=<your product ID number>
Note: you can get these numbers from the output of the command <cat /proc/bus/usb/devices>; look in the section that lists your scanner.
The same information can also be obtained from the command <sane-find-scanner>.
Your modprobe command would then look something like this:
modprobe scanner vendor=0x04b8 product=0x0104
(Please use the correct product number from the output of <cat /proc/bus/usb/devices> or <sane-find-scanner>.)
If this works, make it permanent by adding (as root) the following to the/etc/modules.conf file:
modprobe scanner vendor=0x04b8 product=<your product ID number>
For additional information, read the man pages for sane-epson, xsane, sane-usb, scanimage, xscanimage, sane-find-scanner, etc.
Consult websites such as:
http://www.freecolormanagement.com/sane
http://www.epkowa.co.jp/english/linux_e (This site has a downloadable front-end.)
A commercial program, Vuescan, is available at
http://www.hamrick.com.
I hope that the above is helpful. Scanner configuration can be tough.