I've used Django and I think it's great.
You will find that most frameworks are fairly similar, as they're usually based on the MVC pattern and more specifically on Ruby on Rails (which was the pioneer). One I would
not recommend is ASP.NET MVC, as its developers are very focused on adding features, with all the drawbacks that that implies.
I would also say that if you're trying to build a PHP or ASP website without using a framework, then you're doing it wrong.
For the front end, you
definitely want to use jQuery. Unless, of course, you want to build a single-page webapp with no page refreshes, in which case you should use Google Web Toolkit to build the frontend.
If you want a partial list of frameworks that I'm aware of, there are:
Ruby:
PHP:
- Symfony
- CakePHP
- Zend
- CodeIgniter
Python:
C#: