gettext: Can't change language

[KIA]aze · 04-19-2007, 09:41 PM

Hi,

I am trying to learn to use gettext.
I ran the hello world example (hello-c) that came with the gettext tarball.
However, I have been unable to change it's language so far.

I tried doing:

Code:

export LANG; LANG=de_DE

and checked that it worked by doing echo LANG.

But when I executed the hello program again, I still got the message in English instead of German.

How do I change the language?
I would also like to be able to change the language interactively within the program.

Here's the tarball I used:
ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/gettext/gettext-0.16.tar.gz

hello.c:

Code:

/* Example for use of GNU gettext.
   Copyright (C) 2003 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
   This file is in the public domain.

   Source code of the C program.  */


/* Get setlocale() declaration.  */
#include <locale.h>

/* Get printf() declaration.  */
#include <stdio.h>

/* Get getpid() declaration.  */
#if HAVE_UNISTD_H
# include <unistd.h>
#endif

/* Get gettext(), textdomain(), bindtextdomain() declaration.  */
#include "gettext.h"
/* Define shortcut for gettext().  */
#define _(string) gettext (string)

int
main ()
{
  setlocale (LC_ALL, "");
  textdomain ("hello-c");
  bindtextdomain ("hello-c", LOCALEDIR);

  printf ("%s\n", _("Hello, world!"));
  printf (_("This program is running as process number %d."), getpid ());
  putchar ('\n');

  return 0;
}

de.po:

Code:

msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: hello-c 0.13.1\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: bug-gnu-gettext@gnu.org\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2003-12-18 10:09+0100\n"
"Last-Translator: Karl Eichwalder <ke@gnu.franken.de>\n"
"Language-Team: German <de@li.org>\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);\n"

#: hello.c:31
msgid "Hello, world!"
msgstr "Hallo Welt!"

#: hello.c:32
#, c-format
msgid "This program is running as process number %d."
msgstr "Dieses Programm läuft mit der Prozess-Nummer %d."

EDIT:
Problem solved.
I didn't have time to create a tutorial yet, but in the meanwhile you can check out this program here :
http://sourceforge.net/projects/alliancemanager
See also the simple example code further below for GNU/Linux systems.

[KIA]aze · 05-15-2007, 01:51 PM

Ok, I still haven't solved my problem (have been doing some other things in the meanwhile).

Now I tried to follow this tutorial:
http://oriya.sarovar.org/docs/gettext/node2.html

hello.c:

Quote:

#include <libintl.h>
#include <locale.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main(void)
{
setlocale( LC_ALL, "or_IN" );
//bindtextdomain( "hello", "/usr/share/locale" );
bindtextdomain( "hello", "/home/me/programming_stuff/gettext_test" );
textdomain( "hello" );
printf( gettext( "Hello, world!\n" ) );
exit(0);
}

oriya.po:

Quote:

# Oriya translations for hello example package.
# Copyright (C) 2004 Gora Mohanty
# This file is distributed under the same license as the hello example package.
# Gora Mohanty <gora_mohanty@yahoo.co.in>, 2004.
#
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: oriya\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2004-06-22 02:22+0530\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2004-06-22 10:54+0530\n"
"Last-Translator: Gora Mohanty <gora_mohanty@yahoo.co.in>\n"
"Language-Team: Oriya\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
"X-Generator: KBabel 1.3\n"

#: hello.c:10
msgid "Hello, world!\n"
msgstr "Bijour!\n"

The commands I executed (while in the "/home/me/programming_stuff/gettext_test" directory):

Quote:

gcc -o hello hello.c
msgfmt -c -v -o hello.mo oriya.po
mkdir -p or_IN/LC_MESSAGES
mv hello.mo or_IN/LC_MESSAGES

And I still get "Hello World!" instead of a translated string!
Why?!
What am I supposed to do?

[KIA]aze · 06-09-2007, 04:55 AM

Ok, I recently solved my first problem and managed to make gettext work using this code:

Code:

/* Get setlocale() declaration.  */
#include <locale.h>

/* Get printf() declaration.  */
#include <stdio.h>

/* Get getpid() declaration.  */
#if HAVE_UNISTD_H
# include <unistd.h>
#endif

/* Get gettext(), textdomain(), bindtextdomain() declaration.  */
#include "gettext.h"
/* Define shortcut for gettext().  */
#define _(string) gettext (string)

int
main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
int ret;

textdomain ("hello-c");
bindtextdomain ("hello-c", LOCALEDIR);
bind_textdomain_codeset ("hello-c", "UTF-8");

printf("LOCALEDIR=%s\n",LOCALEDIR);

//  setlocale (LC_ALL, "or_IN");
  setlocale (LC_ALL, "");

  /* Change language.  */
            ret=setenv ("LANGUAGE",argv[1], 1);printf("ret=%d\n",ret);
          
            /* Make change known.  */
            
              extern int  _nl_msg_cat_cntr;
              ++_nl_msg_cat_cntr;
            

  printf ("%s\n", _("Hello, world!"));
  printf (_("This program is running as process number %d."), getpid ());
  putchar ('\n');

  ret=setenv ("LANGUAGE","fr", 1);printf("ret=%d\n",ret);
              extern int  _nl_msg_cat_cntr;
              ++_nl_msg_cat_cntr;
  printf ("%s\n", _("Hello, world!"));
  printf (_("This program is running as process number %d."), getpid ());
  putchar ('\n');

  ret=setenv ("LANGUAGE","de", 1);printf("ret=%d\n",ret);
              extern int  _nl_msg_cat_cntr;
              ++_nl_msg_cat_cntr;
  printf ("%s\n", _("Hello, world!"));
  printf (_("This program is running as process number %d."), getpid ());
  putchar ('\n');

  ret=setenv ("LANGUAGE","ru", 1);printf("ret=%d\n",ret);
              extern int  _nl_msg_cat_cntr;
              ++_nl_msg_cat_cntr;
  printf ("%s\n", _("Hello, world!"));
  printf (_("This program is running as process number %d."), getpid ());
  putchar ('\n');

  ret=setenv ("LANGUAGE","or_IN", 1);printf("ret=%d\n",ret);
              extern int  _nl_msg_cat_cntr;
              ++_nl_msg_cat_cntr;
  printf ("%s\n", _("Hello, world!"));
  printf (_("This program is running as process number %d."), getpid ());
  putchar ('\n');

  return 0;
}

The "gettext.h" is necessary and can be found in the GNU gettext source package.

Here's also the Makefile:

Code:

localedir = /usr/share/locale
#localedir = ../share/locale

DEFS = -DLOCALEDIR=\"$(localedir)\" -DPACKAGE_NAME=\"\" -DPACKAGE_TARNAME=\"\" -DPACKAGE_VERSION=\"\" -DPACKAGE_STRING=\"\" -DPACKAGE_BUGREPORT=\"\" -DPACKAGE=\"hello-c\" -DVERSION=\"0\" -DSTDC_HEADERS=1 -DHAVE_SYS_TYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_SYS_STAT_H=1 -DHAVE_STDLIB_H=1 -DHAVE_STRING_H=1 -DHAVE_MEMORY_H=1 -DHAVE_STRINGS_H=1 -DHAVE_INTTYPES_H=1 -DHAVE_STDINT_H=1 -DHAVE_UNISTD_H=1 -DHAVE_UNISTD_H=1 -DENABLE_NLS=1 -DHAVE_GETTEXT=1 -DHAVE_DCGETTEXT=1


all:
	gcc $(DEFS) -I.  -I. -I.   -g -O2 -c hello_international.c
	gcc  -g -O2   -o ./bin/hello_international hello_international.o

All the variables in DEFS seem to be used by gettext.h. I haven't looked into in detail, but it works.
"localedir" is of course where the .mo files should be placed.
ex: localedir/fr/LC_MESSAGES/hello-c.mo
(the basename of the .mo file must be the one used in the textdomain function)
Note: My program uses the same strings as the gettext source examples, so the same .po/.mo files can be used for it.
The language for the first printed string can be specified as an argument on the command line. (ex: "hello_international de")

I also managed to implement it in a GTK+ app, which wasn't that hard.

But now I have another problem: getting it to work in Windows.
If anybody can help me with that...

I managed to make it work with PHP (using easyPHP), but my goal is to create a C/C++ program with it.

Once I get everything working as I want, I think I'll make a complete tutorial of it (including use in a windows portable GTK app).
I haven't been able to find one which worked perfectly for me.

EDIT:
Problem solved.
I didn't have time to create a tutorial yet, but in the meanwhile you can check out this program here :
http://sourceforge.net/projects/alliancemanager