If u want to get information on elf binary structure get the elf file format in net.
One good link [
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Executa...nkable_Format]
Get the spec sheet and it`ll have evrythin about an elf binary.
If u want to know the magic number of all files check the 'file' command rather than readelf.
It uses the file /usr/share/magic [in most distros] to get the file`s magic number and identifies the file.
Magic numbers are just the first few bytes [most of the times] to identify what the file and which application has to used on that file.