I actually just figured it out last night. The directive that I wasn't able to find mentioned in any other post is found in /etc/apache2/conf-enabled/security.conf:
Code:
# Disable HTTP compression when using SSL to protect against BREACH
<Location />
SetEnvIfExpr "%{HTTPS} == 'on'" no-gzip
</Location>
I'm not sure if editing ssl.conf and wordpress.conf to change the directives in there is required as well (I didn't go back and un-edit the directives I added to those files after I got things working after this change). So, you may need to make changes in those files as well as htaccess.
Is it dangerous to disable this? Sure, in some ways - I'd never do this on a host that handles compliance-related data. However, for general-purpose websites using SSL, it's likely no real danger to any user. So, this is what you need to do to get compression working on Apache 2.4 with SSL enabled.