Tests need to be in square brackets '[]'
eg.
if [ $c = $a ]
then
# do something
fi
I usually put strings in double quotes and leave numbers bare
eg
STRING1="some garbage"
if [ "$STRING1" = "hello" ] ....
COUNT=5
if [ $COUNT -eq 7 ] ...
Please note there are different types of tests depending on the data types, here's a reference:
http://www.oreillynet.com/linux/cmd/cmd.csp?path=t/test
cheers