already sudo apt-get install linux-headers-$(uname -r)

in home directory

i type

gcc -o cli cli.c
still got error

linux/module.h no such file or directory

then i search where is the source, i find it in /usr/src/

when search with find /usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.38-8-generic module.h

it run a list of file, and finally return no such file

how to compile c file which has module.h for kernel module programming with gcc

11 is unsupported
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/Releases

how to see which version support this?

i use ubuntu 12.04 in virtual machine,

2.6.38-8/modules.h not found too

how to enable it to support, do i need to recompile the kernel?

ubuntu 12.04 uses newer kernel, so you may need to try that. use the command locate to find module.h

/usr/src/linux-headers-3.8.0-29-generic/include/config/modules.h

i find this with locate result in above path

it exist, but compiler return not found

#include "/usr/src/linux-headers-3.8.0-29-generic/include/config/modules.h"
error too

you must not do that, but configure the build system to locate kernel headers in /usr/src/linux-headers-3.8.0-29-generic/include

i am newbie, how to configure the build system to locate the kernel headers ?

i follow oreilly 's book linux device driver to use the makefile, when type make, it said nothing to do

# If KERNELRELEASE is defined, we've been invoked from the
# kernel build system and can use its language.
ifneq ($(KERNELRELEASE),)
obj-m := cli.o
# Otherwise we were called directly from the command
# line; invoke the kernel build system.
else
KERNELDIR ?= /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build
PWD := $(shell pwd)
default:
$(MAKE) -C $(KERNELDIR) M=$(PWD) modules
endif

As has already been pointed out Ubuntu 11 (there is nos such thing but anyway) is unsupported. Download Ubuntu 12.04 or 14.04 and install that. They both have 5 years of support so you can play around with them for may years to come.

i am using ubuntu 12.04

i search for the error, then find a makefile below

all:
make -C /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build M=$(PWD) modules

however after make, return nothing to be done for 'all'

then i change to

obj-m += hello.o

hello.o:
make -C /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build M=$(PWD) modules

clean:
make -C /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build M=$(PWD) clean


it result in another error

wonder@wonder-VirtualBox:~/layer$ make
cc -c -o hello.o hello.c
In file included from hello.c:3:0:
/usr/src/linux-headers-3.8.0-29-generic/include/linux/module.h:9:24: fatal error: linux/list.h: No such file or directory
compilation terminated.
make: *** [hello.o] Error 1



i use the make file in old version of oreilly book linux device driver

it can make to run, however got error

it use cc, but not gcc, is it modules programming can only use cc, not gcc?

make: *** No rule to make target `cli_init.o', needed by `cli.o'. Stop.
wonder@wonder-VirtualBox:~/layer$ make
cc -D__KERNEL__ -DMODULE -O -Wall -I/usr/src/linux-headers-3.8.0-29-generic/include -c -o cli.o cli.c
cli.c:1:0: warning: "MODULE" redefined [enabled by default]
<command-line>:0:0: note: this is the location of the previous definition
In file included from /usr/src/linux-headers-3.8.0-29-generic/include/linux/kernel.h:6:0,
from /usr/src/linux-headers-3.8.0-29-generic/include/linux/cache.h:4,
from /usr/src/linux-headers-3.8.0-29-generic/include/linux/time.h:4,
from /usr/src/linux-headers-3.8.0-29-generic/include/linux/stat.h:18,
from /usr/src/linux-headers-3.8.0-29-generic/include/linux/module.h:10,
from cli.c:2:
/usr/src/linux-headers-3.8.0-29-generic/include/linux/linkage.h:5:25: fatal error: asm/linkage.h: No such file or directory
compilation terminated.
make: *** [cli.o] Error 1
wonder@wonder-VirtualBox:~/layer$

Makefile:

INCLUDEDIR = /usr/src/linux-headers-3.8.0-29-generic/include

CFLAGS = -D__KERNEL__ -DMODULE -O -Wall -I$(INCLUDEDIR)


OBJS = cli.o


all: $(OBJS)

install:
install -d /lib/modules/$(VER)/misc /lib/modules/misc
install -c cli.o /lib/modules/$(VER)/misc
install -c cli.o /lib/modules/misc

clean:
rm -f *.o *~ core