welcome to LQ!!
First, live Linux CDs are not meant to be **used**---beyond simply evaluating the interface, etc. Doing any real work from LiveCD will be painfully slow, and you will have issues with configuration, cookies, etc.---and with saving files.
Second, it seems to me that a firewall has to be set up for specific conditions---I would not think that there would be a standard general-purpose firewall. If I encountered such a thing, I would probably kill it on sight. (But I don't use firewalls---except for my router which hides my IP---so keep my competence in perspective.)
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