How do the version numbers compare? Are they identical?

I have Iceweasel 3.5.13, does that mean I essentially have Firefox 3.5.13?

Yup. That's correct.

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$ apt-cache policy iceweasel
iceweasel:
Installed: 3.6.11-1
Candidate: 3.6.11-1
*** 3.6.11-1 0
101 http://ftp.debian.org/debian/ experimental/main i386 Packages
100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
3.5.14-1 0
500 http://mirrors.kernel.org/debian/ sid/main i386 Packages

Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux i686; en-US; rv:1.9.2.11) Gecko/20101012 Firefox/3.6.11

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FYI you can get a more recent version of Iceweasel (one that tracks the current FFX versions much more closely) in experimental. That's what I do and I'm currently running IW-3.6.10. You need to take 3 other packages from experimental (xulrunner, libmozjs3d and a third which I think is libsqlite3-0. I've been doing this for quite some time with no problems at all. So if you want to be more up to date, that's how to do it.
ciao,
jdk

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what exactly do I add to my sources file to get the unstable apps?

I'm not sure if this is directed at me. If so, note that experimental is not the same as unstable. I use an alt-pinning process for unstable involving putting in Sid repos into my sources.list file and creating a /etc/apt/preferences file that looks like this
For experimental I just download the debs from the Debian website and install them using dpkg. Since I'm only using 3 packages from experimental it doesn't seem to me worth the trouble to go through the alt-pinning process.
ciao,
jdk

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I wouldn't do it. It's not worth the effort. You, I can guarantee, won't notice the difference. Stay away from adding packages not related to your Debian version. Weather via 'Experimental' or 'Apt-Pinning' or 'Backports'. Don't bother with it.

Why are you using Debian? I'll tell you why - same reason I am - Because of the stability and rock solid foundation. And you want to add something outside of the accepted reposes? Get real. Leave it alone. Next you'll want to upgrade the latest version of ... Don't!

If you want to do that, play around with 'Unstable' (Sid). Pull your hair our with that version. But leave Stable or Testing as is. Damn it, it's working.

@alipoop I would respectfully disagree with everything you say. I've been using testing for years and have never encountered any real problems with my alt-pinning, using the odd experimental package or running testing itself. I guess we'll have to agree to disagree on this one.
jdk

I didn't mean to come across so harsh. It's the conservative in me. Linux conservative that is. And you can't get any more conservative than Debian.

No problem, Alioop. There are many posters on this forum who use Sid and swear by it. So I find myself somewhere in the middle between you and them. How boring I am.
jdk

While I consider myself a linux (Debian) conservative, I've been a Testing user for some time. Now how conservative can that be? Still, to some folks, Testing is behind the curve. While Unstable - Sid - is on the bleeding edge. Too much so for my taste.

As far as I'm concerned, Testing is where I belong. Especially after a few months. Oh, say 8 or 10 months. It's tweaked just enough to make it a solid OS. And that's what I like about Debian. Even their Testing OS is rock solid.

One of the many reasons I use and love Gnu/Linux is that you or I can make it adapt to our taste rather than other OS's that require us to adapt to what they think is appropriate.
jdk