DSL is a very minimal Linux distribution (which is why is runs so fast). A lot fo the features that you miss (and want) are found in other, more full, distributions. But to answer your questions:
-My Documents: Generally the path /home/<userid> is the default save path for documents/pictures/anything you've been working on. The beauty of linux is that you can really use anything, however.
-To copy/delete files from folders you don't have permissions to, you neet to become root (Windows you generally ARE root, or administrator, 24/7). This basically is to prevent you, the user, from altering the system unwillingly. The 2 methods of becoming root are:
-su
-sudo
Sudo (Superuser do) simulates root permissions for a single command, and su changes your permissions to root for the duration of your terminal session.
-Uninstall: I only use DSL as a LiveCD, but I believe that it uses deb packages on a frugal install. Therefore, the package manager should be either dpkg, dselect or apt-get.
>dpkg -r packagename or
>apt-get remove packagename
dselect I am not familiar with.
You need to become root to do this.
-e2fsck warning: You should run either fsck or e2fsck
. Basically it's a scandisk utility, and the warning is telling you to scan your drive.
-Abiword: If you don't like it's performance, get OpenOffice. Warning: it's a resource hog (much like MS Office).
As far as your other wants, there are other distributions that do this. For your hardware you definitely are limited to what you can use, but if you don't like DSL's layout and options, check out:
Puppy Linux
Vector Linux
Zenwalk
I'm sure other people can suggest others.