Since i am new to linux. I am testing everything on it. Linux is self sufficient as pc operating system and it is leading in server.... I can make web apps using php language and mysql database. Now i want to know how to make desktop apps on linux...

I read somewhere that 'LINUX IS HEAVEN TO PROGRAMMERS'

Visual studio is like the ornament of microsoft. It is graphical as wEll as object oriented.. is there any object oriented programming language on linux? How easy is it to program??.. I want to learn programming as soon as possible. What do i do? Purchase a book and start learning? or refer to any video turorial?

I also do not know file system of linux.. I dont know what extension stands for what..

On open source platform if source code are available at run time then does o/s need to compile the program each time it is run?

I also know which file extension refers to executable file in linux..

Welcome to the world of Linux -- and, of course, to linuxquestions.org.

Up at the top of this web page there's a Tutorials menu -- that's one good place to start. Another is to Google for "beginner's guide to linux;" lot's of good sources there for your to read through and pick the one or two that you're comfortable with. Another good source (for books) is O'Reilly Media at http://oreilly.com/, particularly, http://oreilly.com/linux/index.html -- O'Reilly books are excellent.

Object-oriented languages are, among others, C++, Java, PHP and Python. Integrated Development Environment (IDE) tools (which is what Visual Studio more or less is) can be found at http://linuxmafia.com/faq/Devtools/ides.html; among the more popular of those for Linux systems would be Eclipse and NetBeans.

But, you need to learn to walk before you can run so it'd be a good idea to start with one of the beginner's introductions -- there's lot's to learn.

Hope this helps some.

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Programs for compiled languages are compiled (e.g. C using the gcc compiler) just as they would be in Windows. As far as extensions go, they are not part of Linux. A lot of software will use extensions, but the operating system just takes "letter.odt" as file name with a dot in it. The programs don't have .exe like Windows. You can see some of them in /usr/bin: binaries and shell scripts all together, with no distinction in their names.

First, learn your way round whatever version of Linux you're using: see if there's documentation online or to download. Then get this (old, but most of it is still very helpful):
http://linux.2038bug.com/rute-home.html

C++, Java, and Python are probably installed already. Python is usually said to be the easiest, and it's used for a lot of the "housekeeping tools" in Linux distros. IDLE (the Python IDE) will probably be bundled into a "Python tools" package that you can install. Documentation is found here:
http://www.python.org/doc/

Where did you get that from? C# is a standardized language that can be used on Linux. Most of the C# programs on Linux are compiled to be used with Mono, which should be available for almost any distro and even on iOS and Android. They also have a an open source IDE, called MonoDevelop, which supports building applications for Windows, Linux, MacOS X, iOS and Android.

Where? Well, from the same Wikipedia article:
Mr. Stallman can be, well, a little wild-eyed now and again but anybody that's dealt with Microsoft's proprietary software (and, even though, yes, ISO did issue ISO/IEC 23270:2003 - Information technology — Programming languages — C#), C# is full of proprietary "extensions that will (not maybe, will) come back and bite you if you try to port C# to any other platform. It was developed specifically by Microsoft to support Microsoft's needs (mainly because they couldn't get ISO to buy off on including all their proprietary (patented) extensions in the C or C++ standards). Personally, I'm 100% with Mr. Stallman and I wouldn't allow it on the property or to touch my servers; however, anybody is free to do what they want.

Hope this helps some.

Programs/scripts are marked in the filesystem as executable, and you can change the executable status for each of the three classes of users: owner, group, and others. Usually, compilers/linkers will automatically assign executable status to object code that they create. If you create a script or other interpreted text file with a text editor such as vi, you will have to use chmod to make it executable. Many systems configure ls to display files of various types with color coding to highlight their executable or other status, for your convenience.
Many file types are named with conventional suffixes, recognizable to the applications that use them. The OS itself does not recognize or need files to have any particular suffix. There is the application 'file', which knows how to recognize and report on very many different types of files, and can be useful when trying to identify files of unknown purpose or origin.

--- rod.

@tronayne: You have stated that C# is Microsoft only, and that is obviously not true. If you have issues in running C# programs on your machines then mention those issues instead of misinforming new users, please.

OK, true enough -- C# is not Microsoft-only (and that comment has been removed above).

I would, however, join Richard Stallman and the Free Software Foundation in their cautions: Note 38 in Wikipedia article:
And Note 40 in Wikipedia article:
Basically, use at your own risk.

Which is the best graphical IDE for linux? Like visual studio i want to use ready made objects like 'command button', 'combo' 'data grid view' such that i neednt make objects. And simply perform easy coding using those ready made objects...

I have no idea what I'm talking about, but is Glade what you're looking for?

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If you are into programming GUIs with the Qt GUI toolkit, then QtCreator is a decent IDE. Also check out KDevelop. It's a good C/C++ IDE as well.

For Python, I recommend Stani's Python Editor.

For Java and Java related development, NetBeans is a good choice.

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For more smipler IDE, try Geany or GVim (which still kicks asses) and of course everything included emacs.

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The problem here is that Linux, unlike Windows, has several GUI toolkits available, the most used are GTK and QT. That means that you not only have to decide which you want to use, both have different visual editors. Both of them have the objects you are searching, so you should at first have a look at them and then decide which one you want to use. After that come back and ask again for.

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Thank you very much.. I shall do some research on these applications and decide which one to use. I am in need of a reliable platform.. Reliable in the sense that their basics do not change with their versions.((like that of visual studio is somewhat consistent on its all versions))

By the way i had learnt to code in visual basic (not c,c++, or java).. Will that knowledge of vb apply here or do i need to learn new one?

FWIW, Perl has a number of object systems - the "standard" one and Moose: http://search.cpan.org/search?query=Moose&mode=all -> http://search.cpan.org/~doy/Moose-2.0401/lib/Moose.pm , etc.

OCaml is a functional, imperative and OO language, and its OO model includes multiple inheritance - start from http://caml.inria.fr/ .

There is also Ruby, Scala, LISP (including CLOS - Common Lisp Object System: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Lisp_Object_System .

And what not ...

P.S. If you can't program without an IDE, something is wrong with your programming skills. OTOH, a good text editor allows you to invoke build system, run your project (probably under a debugger), etc.