Hello,

I am relatively new to linux.

I am trying to execute a fortran program but I get an error (most likely) after the program gets compiled. I am using the pgf90 to compile the program. Since it is a collection of programs, I have a makefile and then use the 'make' command to build the program:

% make
pgf90 -c -C -Mextend -Bstatic tau_wp_oct96.f
tau_wp_oct96.f:
pgf90 -c -C -Mextend -Bstatic RadParams.f
RadParams.f:
pgf90 -c -C -Mextend -Bstatic dkfrwn_0599.f
dkfrwn_0599.f:
pgf90 -c -C -Mextend -Bstatic trmm_wnflt_0599.f
trmm_wnflt_0599.f:
pgf90 -c -C -Mextend -Bstatic rad_0100.f
rad_0100.f:
pgf90 -c -C -Mextend -Bstatic water_hu2.f
water_hu2.f:
pgf90 -c -C -Mextend -Bstatic chou_routines.f
chou_routines.f:
pgf90 -c -C -Mextend -Bstatic iaform3.f
iaform3.f:
pgf90 -c -C -Mextend -Bstatic aerosol_init.f
aerosol_init.f:
pgf90 -c -C -Mextend -Bstatic misc_subs.f
misc_subs.f:
pgf90 -c -C -Mextend -Bstatic readalb.f
readalb.f:
pgf90 -C -Mextend -Bstatic driver.f tau_wp_oct96.o RadParams.o dkfrwn_0599.o trmm_wnflt_0599.o rad_0100.o water_hu2.o chou_routines.o iaform3.o aerosol_init.o misc_subs.o readalb.o -o driver
driver.f:
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lc
make: *** [driver] Error 2


I'd really appreciate if someone could tell me how to resolve the '/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lc' error?

Many thanks,

Alex

Can you post your make file? Also, might be an idea to ask the mods to move this to the programming forum; you can use the 'Report' button.

I think that the -lc is telling the linker (/usr/bin/ld) to load a library name "libc.so" So (if I'm correct) you need to install that library. On most system, libc.so would be a C library, and I suspect that somewhere in your FORTRAN code, someone has embedded some C code.

Incidentally, the usual compiler would be gfortran http://gcc.gnu.org/wiki/GFortranUsage. any reason you're not using it?

Thanks everyone for the quick response.
I have only access to pgf90 in my school, the system admin is not available for installing other compilers.

Here is the makefile:

FFLAGS = -C -Mextend -Bstatic
FC = pgf90

FUCODE = RadParams.o dkfrwn_0599.o trmm_wnflt_0599.o rad_0100.o water_hu2.o chou_routines.o iaform3.o aerosol_init.o misc_subs.o readalb.o

all : driver ${FUCODE}

RadParams.o : RadParams.f
${FC} -c ${FFLAGS} RadParams.f

readalb.o : readalb.f
${FC} -c ${FFLAGS} readalb.f


# STANDALONE

trmm_wnflt_0599.o : trmm_wnflt_0599.f
${FC} -c ${FFLAGS} trmm_wnflt_0599.f

tau_wp_oct96.o : tau_wp_oct96.f
${FC} -c ${FFLAGS} tau_wp_oct96.f

chou_routines.o : chou_routines.f
${FC} -c ${FFLAGS} chou_routines.f

iaform3.o : iaform3.f
${FC} -c ${FFLAGS} iaform3.f

# RADPARAM DEPENDENT
water_hu2.o : water_hu2.f RadParams.o
${FC} -c ${FFLAGS} water_hu2.f

misc_subs.o : misc_subs.f RadParams.o
${FC} -c ${FFLAGS} misc_subs.f

dkfrwn_0599.o : dkfrwn_0599.f RadParams.o
${FC} -c ${FFLAGS} dkfrwn_0599.f

aerosol_init.o : aerosol_init.f RadParams.o
${FC} -c ${FFLAGS} aerosol_init.f


#FULIOU MAIN
rad_0100.o : rad_0100.f RadParams.o trmm_wnflt_0599.o dkfrwn_0599.o
${FC} -c ${FFLAGS} rad_0100.f

#MAIN
driver : driver.f tau_wp_oct96.o ${FUCODE}
${FC} ${FFLAGS} driver.f tau_wp_oct96.o ${FUCODE} -o driver

clean:
rm *.o ; rm *.kmo



thanks,
Alex.

Moved: This thread is more suitable in <Programming> and has been moved accordingly to help your thread/question get the exposure it deserves.

Hum. Well, if you're the only on using it, you can install the gfortran package and libraries in your home directory. But getting it to work would take quite a while.

So, do you have pgcc installed on your system? (I haven't used the Portland Group's compilers, but - from the pgf90 man page - I formed the impression that the pgf90 was a FORTRAN -> C converter preprocessor, and that the pgcc C compiler might be needed to compile the generated code. The C library, if my above speculation is correct, would/should have been installed with the pgcc compiler.)