1. I suggest
Slackware (Because I'm a zealot
). It's very stable, with
SWareTor
slapt-get you get the apt-getness you're looking for, and
LinuxPackages provides Slackware packages for many programs. Even if there is no package for a program, it's easy to compile the source and use checkinstall to install the program.
2. If your /home directory is on a seperate partition then no, you will not loose your content in /home. When you switch distros you have to format a partition. It's usually a good idea to keep /home on a seperate partition in case something happens to the main one you have your personal data.