If this is purely a cost saving exercise, my personal feelings would be to stick with Windows. It sounds like you are talking about SBS 2003, which, in my opinion is a very high value product for very little money, and has integration and features that are simply not available in any Linux based server configuration. Primary among these is AD/Group Policy. There is nothing in any Unix that provides the granular control provided by GP. If you are prepared to forgo this, then there are alternatives in the Linux world that will provide similar functionality to what you have listed above...
Open-Xchange or
Zimbra will provide the email, calendar, groupware and collaboration features you require. OX can also appear as a real Exchange server, if you purchase the license to the connectors.
WSUS functionality will be hard to achieve without a lot of work. Basically, you are looking at mirroring the repositories of your chosen distro on your server and having the automatic update features of your clients looking there instead of at the actual distro repos. Do-able, but not straightforward, and, tbh, of questionable benefit. It's understandable in the Windows world, where an update can easily break working code, but this is less a concern in the linux world.
amanda is a fine backup suite.
There are many packages that provide the functionality of RDP. The one I hear most about these days is
FreeNX
Your AD/SSO functionality will be provided by
OpenLDAP