Used to be called master and slave servers, but the preferred nomenclature these days is primary and secondary servers so you may see either in tutorials. The secondaries are periodically updated by zone transfer from the primary. In your case the primary serves zone transfers, but nothing else. The secondaries serve the DNS requests.
Not starting is more likely some new systemd "feature" than a named problem, but I tend to blame everything on systemd. named logs pretty useful errors if it has a problem starting. There is also a tool to check syntax: named-checkconf.
BIND is maintained by ISC, so they are the best source for documentation, although there may be other sites that explain things a little better. Start with:
https://bind9.readthedocs.io/en/latest/#