OPENVPN install using tutorial: every step is war for newbie

msdosslave · 06-16-2016, 04:49 PM

Hello.

I got OPENvpn tutorial from my friend about a year ago.

Seems it works but every step is very hard for me as I'm totally lost without double mouse click and color interface

And sorry for my Eng.

UPD1

Here I am again

So after vi problem I faced another one:

The tut requires following action:

Quote:

cd /etc/openvpn/

make-cadir easy-rsa
ln -s /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/keys /etc/openvpn/keys

cd easy-rsa

. ./vars
./clean-all
./build-ca
./build-key-server server
./build-dh

openvpn --genkey --secret tls.key

./build-key client1

cd /etc/openvpn

mkdir client

cp /etc/openvpn/keys/ca.crt .
cp /etc/openvpn/keys/client1.key .
cp /etc/openvpn/keys/client1.crt .
cp /etc/openvpn/keys/dh2048.pem .
cp /etc/openvpn/keys/tls.key .

So my questions are:

1) ln -s /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/keys /etc/openvpn/keys
When I'm trying to create this link it's nothing going on. It's not appearing at /etc/openvpn/
And /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/keys is empty too. Does this command just creating a shortcut to the folder? If so may I make it manually as a shortcut. If not - what's my mistake?

2) cd easy-rsa

. ./vars
./clean-all
./build-ca
./build-key-server server
./build-dh
When I cd to easy-rsa it goes fine but what this mean?
Are this lines commands or output? Just don't understand.

. ./vars
./clean-all
./build-ca
./build-key-server server
./build-dh

3) openvpn --genkey --secret tls.key

./build-key client1

Again (command or line?) - the key seems generated normally but what's that?

./build-key client1

_____________________________________________________________

[1st question solved]

vi = nano
http://www.linuxquestions.org/questi...2/#post5562668

Anyway my first question is:

Vim thing. During the installation I can see next steps

Quote:

...
# vi /etc/sysctl.conf

After this command I can understand the SSH window goes to Vim mode and it;s absolutely unclear.

Emerson · 06-16-2016, 05:11 PM

One of many vi command sheets.

msdosslave · 06-16-2016, 05:20 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by Emerson

One of many vi command sheets.

I saw this and other commands. I can't find exact buttons combination and don't know how to find it.

UPD. Nope, this is new, thank you. Trying.

ondoho · 06-17-2016, 12:19 AM

Quote:

Originally Posted by msdosslave

I'm totally lost without double mouse click and color interface

both are available on linux systems.

a link to the tutorial in question would help.

and, more importantly, YOU have to get some clarity:
- what are the steps
- where are you stuck...
if you want US to be able to help.

btw, you wouldn't be the first person who rebooted their computer because they couldn't get out of vi.
and vi is just a text editor.
most probably you can use nano instead.

msdosslave · 06-17-2016, 01:57 AM

Quote:

Originally Posted by ondoho

both are available on linux systems.

a link to the tutorial in question would help.

and, more importantly, YOU have to get some clarity:
- what are the steps
- where are you stuck...
if you want US to be able to help.

btw, you wouldn't be the first person who rebooted their computer because they couldn't get out of vi.
and vi is just a text editor.
most probably you can use nano instead.

I see.

The part where I'm stuck - the bold part:

Quote:

apt-get install openvpn easy-rsa unzip zip -y

apt-get update

vi /etc/sysctl.conf

net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1 - This command is input in vi after down line cursor

sysctl -p

cd /etc/openvpn
unzip s2s.zip

vi /etc/openvpn/s2s.conf

dev tun0
remote 192.xxx.xxx.xxx
...

I hope just to get some clarity with vi first. Thanks for your attention.

beachboy2 · 06-17-2016, 02:27 AM

msdosslave,

For the benefit of those who find vi a bit of a pain (including me), please try vim which is vi-modified:

This Quick Start Guide clearly explains the workings of vim:

http://www.oregonwebradio.net/backup...uickstart.html

msdosslave · 06-17-2016, 10:42 AM

Quote:

Originally Posted by beachboy2

msdosslave,

For the benefit of those who find vi a bit of a pain (including me), please try vim which is vi-modified:

This Quick Start Guide clearly explains the workings of vim:

http://www.oregonwebradio.net/backup...uickstart.html

Doesn't vi and vim not the same?

The problem is: I saw this tut. but it's not work for me as my brain refuses this logic. Every step is a fight

So: I'm trying to get this result in terminal

Quote:

# Log Martian Packets
#net.ipv4.conf.all.log_martians = 1
#
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1

All I can get using your and Emerson too helps:

Quote:

# Log Martian Packets
#net.ipv4.conf.all.log_martians = 1
ipv4.ip_forward = 1

You see the difference? 3rd line lost
I just cant left # on 3rd line and create emty 4th one to paste net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
Also net. disappearing when I'm trying to paste it from buffer.

Where is my mistake?

UPD. I moved forward with this via ftp. Just opened /etc/sysctl.conf to add last line. As I see it's the same just different ways. But the question is still opened - how to add last line to a document via vim(I realized what I need just now

)

Habitual · 06-17-2016, 11:21 AM

Quote:

Originally Posted by msdosslave

I hope just to get some clarity with vi first. Thanks for your attention.

Assumes root or sudo or equivalent.

Code:

vi +  /etc/sysctl.conf

will open vi at the last line of the file.
Press o to open a new line and insert

Code:

net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1

Press Escape (I always hit it twice to be certain) and type
ZZ or :wq!
to exit and save upon exit.

tips:

Code:

vi + /path/to/file # opens at EOF
vi +<num> /path/to/file #open on line <num>

beachboy2 · 06-17-2016, 11:22 AM

msdosslave,

vi and vim are similar but different.

The # you placed is superfluous. What does your 3rd line (contains only #) actually do?

# is only needed to "comment out" a description, such as:

Code:

# This is my new script

What I think you need is this, but I may be wrong:

Code:

# Log Martian Packets
#net.ipv4.conf.all.log_martians = 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1

I have just created a new file called martians in vim using the above.

EDIT

Quote:

How to add last line using vim?

In Terminal:

Code:

vim martians

Press i for INSERT Mode.

Use Down arrow to move cursor to last line.

Use Right arrow to move cursor to end of last line.

Press Enter to drop down to the line below.

Add your new text.

Press Esc to go into COMMAND Mode.

Next, to save the changes to the file, type

:wq

Press Enter.

NB If the file is brand new, type :wq mynewfile
and then press Enter.

PS Habitual's method is much neater.

msdosslave · 06-17-2016, 11:42 AM

Reading and trying. Will get back soon. Thanks for your help guys.

Emerson · 06-17-2016, 12:31 PM

Dammit, I didn't know ZZ, I use :x to exit and save ... methinks I need a refresher course on vi.

Habitual · 06-17-2016, 12:48 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by Emerson

Dammit, I didn't know ZZ, I use :x to exit and save ... methinks I need a refresher course on vi.

All I know about vi:

Code:

vi + - eof
ZZ or :wq!
number > Shift+G - goto line number.
[oO] open
$ eol
^ beginning of line.
A append

I am a caveman in vi.

The dude abides.

Emerson · 06-17-2016, 12:53 PM

Actually you shouldn't use :wq! ... :wq is write and exit, :q! is exit without save ... if I recall correctly, that is. Still haven't taken that refresher.

beachboy2 · 06-17-2016, 03:28 PM

msdosslave,

How are you getting on with vi/vim?

Don't beat yourself up too much. There is always nano as mentioned earlier by ondoho.

nano guides:

http://mintaka.sdsu.edu/reu/nano.html

http://www.howtogeek.com/howto/42980...e-text-editor/

msdosslave · 06-18-2016, 08:24 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by beachboy2

msdosslave,

How are you getting on with vi/vim?

Don't beat yourself up too much. There is always nano as mentioned earlier by ondoho.

nano guides:

http://mintaka.sdsu.edu/reu/nano.html

http://www.howtogeek.com/howto/42980...e-text-editor/

Yeah, I should listen to ondoho)
Nano is pure revelation. It's just made exactly what I need. vi is fiasco, however I can do this action in two different ways now without vi. I believe I may come back to vi later.
I'm still on my way, and very soon I'll be here with new headache. Hope you'll be here) Thanks