You need to use the nat table's prerouting chain to port forward. Port forwarding across two devices (router and VPN) can be more complicated as you might need nat rules on both servers - it depends on how the VPN router is setup. But in general you can port forward from the outside router to your client with rules like this on the router:
Code:
iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -d $EXT_IP -p tcp --dport 51413 -j DNAT --to-destination 192.168.1.83:51413
iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -d $EXT_IP -p udp --dport 51413 -j DNAT --to-destination 192.168.1.83:51413
Where $EXT_IP is your external, public IP address on the router. You can view the existing rules with 'iptables -t nat -L'.