As far as I know, no such beast exists. You could try and google them seperately.
In short (from what I understand), ALSA is the replacement for OSS; how linux 'talks' to the sound card. Gstreamer, aRts, and phonon are sound servers, they deal with ALSA and they serve the sound to you. Phonon seems to be not in existence yet. Jack is also a sound server, but is geared for low-latency pro audio work.
For a good resource on linux and sound, check this out:
http://linux-sound.org/
Also check out the linux-audio-users mailing list.