These issues are completely related to one subsystem,
samba.
The place to begin is at
http://www.samba.org and any related sites.
As I read your posts, you're having no trouble connecting
to the Windows machines using Microsoft Terminal Server and its Unix/Linux client,
rdesktop. That's good, and that's pretty typical ... and that's
not your problem.
(Notice what I just said there! If you want to connect to a Windows machine from a Linux machine as a Windows terminal-session, then ...
- rdesktop is your client-program, functionally-equivalent to Microsoft's version of the same thing.
- The session you get is Windows' own and plays by Win-duhs' rules.
- (Heh, heh...) yes, you will still pay a license-fee to Microsloth for every connection! Microstuff's server doesn't really care who the client-program is...
- All of this has nothing to do with the unrelated issue that "Linux machines do not show up in the network neighborhood" as viewed by a Windows user.
- Two separate issues, two separate subsystems. One is terminal server and its Linux client, rdesktop. The other is Windows file-sharing and its Linux server, Samba.
- do {reReadTheseBulletPoints()} while (not crystal_clear)
Your problem is that the Linux machines do not appear on the Windows network. And the tool that would do this, running on the Linux machines, is Samba.
Samba actually consists of
two "daemons":
smbd and
nmbd. Both of these processes should be running. The first logical question, of course, is...
are they? (root:
/sbin/service smb status.)
Samba will almost-certainly have to be "configured" to know how to properly work within your network, using configuration-files that are probably in
/etc/samba. And with
that being said, I'd like to redirect your attention to the aforementioned Samba web-site.
Also, there is a very nice book on the subject that is published by O'Reilly.
I'm not giving you the ol' "rt*m brush-off" here, not at all.
But here is where you are going to have to do some "reading and thinking" to decide just how you want to configure your system. Samba works, and it works very well. Your distribution should already have a suitably-up-to-date version of it.