You might be confusing your terminology somewhat here... a data center is a pretty specific animal. I'm guessing what you mean is a server room?
Anyhow... I have been to many data centres and they all have a few things in common...
multiple internet connections, often across multiple providers
redundant power systems (UPS, generator)
environment management (air conditioning, temperature monitoring)
access/security management
Usually, a data centre is where you can locate your servers and have a certain level of service contractually guaranteed.
If what you actually mean is a server room, some of the same principles apply, but on a much smaller (and cheaper) scale. How much of this you actually implement is dependent on 1. requirement and 2. budget.
What are your goals?
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