You should not change the file permissions, but execute the copy and access commands as root. File permissions are important, and should not be changed.
Whatever you used to perform the copy action, sudo should have been able to handle that. Ubuntu doesn't like it, but
makes you root and you can do the command without sudo.
If you do it from the GUI, I think you can run a command as a different user with ALT-F2. Run as root and enter your sudo password. Not quite sure, Ubuntu spasmodically tries to avoid root causing a myriad of problems.
Purchase a powered USB hub. Then you can attach any USB powered device to the Pi. The Pi itself can also be powered from this hub.
jlinkels