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Old 07-24-2016, 01:46 AM   #1
Weapon S
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Customizing simple Red Hat installation


I wanted to start tinkering with Red Hat, since they have a free version for developers now.
I have a couple of questions before I install though.
Most importantly: (from https://access.redhat.com/documentat...setup-x86.html )
Quote:
If you install Red Hat Enterprise Linux in text mode, you can only use the default partitioning schemes described in this section. You cannot add or remove partitions or file systems beyond those that the installation program automatically adds or removes.
Eep. How can I be sure I don't accidentally go into text mode installation and reach the point the installer destroys my data? There's one installer boot option I'm considering to use; will that trigger text mode?
The option in question is: inst.multilib. This option enables a 32-bit and 64-bit packages. Is it even necessary to enable this from the get-go or is it as simple as one line to yum after installation?
I'd like to install without a secondary boot loader, and directly use the UEFI provisions of my motherboard. The default boot options as provided by GRUB seem kind of complicated. Could somebody help me decipher it? (Or just give me the likely solution for my set-up on a silver platter? :P )
From https://access.redhat.com/documentat...setup-x86.html
Quote:
If /usr or /var is partitioned separately from the rest of the root volume, the boot process becomes much more complex because these directories contain boot-critical components. In some situations, such as when these directories are placed on an iSCSI drive or an FCoE location, the system may either be unable to boot, or it may hang with a Device is busy error when powering off or rebooting.
I was actually planning on putting /var on another disk. Just a simple separate partition on a local disk shouldn't cause troubles, right…?
I think I covered all my questions. Thank you for your time.
 
Old 07-24-2016, 01:54 AM   #2
Keruskerfuerst
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Grub2 is the "normal" boot loader.

You can install Red Hat automatically with kickstart.
 
Old 07-24-2016, 03:43 AM   #3
jamison20000e
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"destroys my data" if you only keep it in one place anyway...
 
Old 07-24-2016, 01:17 PM   #4
Weapon S
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To clarify: I have no boot loader installed, and would like to keep it that way. I think my wording might be a little confusing at critical places due to my technical ineptness and unfamiliarity with the English language. I'm sorry, if I'm making it harder to help me, but I'm willing to clarify on what I've written, if you'd be so kind to have some patience.
 
Old 07-24-2016, 02:16 PM   #5
jamison20000e
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My bad, I did not follow your first link to see they already had my covered off the bat...
Quote:
WARNING
Red Hat recommends that you always back up any data that you have on your systems. For example, if you are upgrading or creating a dual-boot system, you should back up any data you wish to keep on your storage devices. Unforseen circumstances can result in loss of all your data.
I just installed Slackware; for the first time in like a billion years, it really helped me to have my tablet on stand by to search for getting my issues resolved (WiFi-firmware.)

If no one comes in with more specific experience, and you don't have a phone or something, could maybe download the documentation to the drive for reference while installing?

Good luck and have fun!
 
Old 07-28-2016, 03:35 AM   #6
Weapon S
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I've made backups as adviced and installed Red Hat, choosing to not install GRUB.
Then it installed GRUB. As far as I can tell Red Hat depends on GRUB (or another advanced boot loader). There's two issues I ran into. First of all, I couldn't select my ESP without opting for "reformat". That means that the files from /boot/efi were not in the proper place. I have copied the appropriate files to the ESP, and plan to fix this issue, once Red Hat boots.
Secondly GRUB isn't configured. If I understand correctly the only thing I'm missing is a grub.cfg. GRUB boots, but in rescue mode. If someone could provide me with a (pseudo) working grub.cfg, that would be great.
Because it wouldn't let me select the ESP properly, I'm not sure I would have fewer problems, if I had elected to install GRUB automatically.
 
Old 07-28-2016, 05:32 PM   #7
yancek
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Quote:
How can I be sure I don't accidentally go into text mode installation and reach the point the installer destroys my data?
What data? Are you trying to install Red Hat on a hard drive you use to store data. You don't mention any other operating system so that would seem to be the only logical reason. Might be better to get another small hard drive due to your unfamiliarity with Red Hat.

Quote:
I'd like to install without a secondary boot loader, and directly use the UEFI provisions of my motherboard.
If you use UEFI, you MUST have an EFI partition on the drive formatted FAT32 as explained in the instructions. Since you apparently have some data partitions already on the drive, you should create this partition as instructed. You won't boot anything in an EFI system without EFI files on this partition.

Not sure what you find complicated about the Grub2 instructions. It gives you a lot of explanations depending upon the different options you can select. If you have an EFI, partition, I would expect that Red Hat would install the proper files there as long as the partition exists without any input from the user.

Quote:
I've made backups as adviced and installed Red Hat, choosing to not install GRUB.
That was not a good idea.

Quote:
First of all, I couldn't select my ESP without opting for "reformat".
Why would that be a problem? You don't have any other operating system so you could just format and the files would be installed properly.

If you don't have a grub.cfg file, Grub2 wasn't installed properly. Do you have all the other files in the /boot/grub directory? Can you mount that partition and take a look? Also, before anyone can give you with a sample grub.cfg file, it would be necessary to know what partition the system is on, at least. Probably also be necessary for someone to have whichever version of Red Hat installed to know the kernel version and any parameters.

If you have valuable data on that drive, I think you might be better off getting a new drive. If you have a computer with another operating system on it, it also might be simpler to use Virtual Box or some other virtual software.
 
Old 07-28-2016, 05:46 PM   #8
Emerson
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EFI stub kernel can be booted directly by firmware, no additional boot loader is required in this case. Not sure if RHEL kernels can be booted this way, not an RH user.
 
Old 07-29-2016, 01:28 AM   #9
Weapon S
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Because I'm very peeved about the assumptions, I'll go into every one.
Quote:
Originally Posted by yancek View Post
What data?
My Debian and Windows installations and configurations.

Quote:
Originally Posted by yancek View Post
Not sure what you find complicated about the Grub2 instructions.
Directly creating a grub.cfg is fairly undocumented. The reasonable thing would be to chroot into the RHEL installation and reinstall GRUB, but seeing that everything around Red Hat seems so inflexible, I'm considering doing the installation over. There's some official instructions to reinstall the boot loader, but it seems it pertains to MBR installations and not UEFI installations.

Quote:
Originally Posted by yancek View Post
Why would that be a problem? You don't have any other operating system so you could just format and the files would be installed properly.
If that partition already exists, I likely do have other OS's, and it obvously would be a problem.

Quote:
Originally Posted by yancek View Post
Do you have all the other files in the /boot/grub directory?
Seems like it. Note, as advised by the installation manual this is a separate partition. But, because of my inability to properly specify the ESP, /efi/EFI is a directory actually existing on this partition (i.e. not a mount point for the ESP yet).
Code:
.:
config-3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64
efi
grub2
initramfs-0-rescue-1a895b8d53e741f78436fa5fd5cc0d7f.img
initramfs-3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64.img
initrd-plymouth.img
lost+found
symvers-3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64.gz
System.map-3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64
vmlinuz-0-rescue-1a895b8d53e741f78436fa5fd5cc0d7f
vmlinuz-3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64

./efi:
EFI

./efi/EFI:
BOOT
redhat

./efi/EFI/BOOT:
BOOTX64.EFI
fallback.efi

./efi/EFI/redhat:
BOOT.CSV
fonts
gcdx64.efi
grubx64.efi
MokManager.efi
shim.efi
shim-redhat.efi

./efi/EFI/redhat/fonts:
unicode.pf2

./grub2:
grubenv
themes

./grub2/themes:
system

./grub2/themes/system:

./lost+found:
Quote:
Originally Posted by yancek View Post
Also, before anyone can give you with a sample grub.cfg file[...]
I just need a sample of what works on other people's systems. I'm fairly confident I could work out what I need to change for my setup. I said "pseudo", because some people are very prudent about security and might want to redact some specifics.

Quote:
Originally Posted by Emerson
Not sure if RHEL kernels can be booted this way, not an RH user.
Seems like it isn't supported. It was very naive of me to think Red Hat could be booted this way. I guess I'll instruct GRUB to ignore my other OS's after installation. I'm very dumb.
 
Old 07-29-2016, 08:25 AM   #10
yancek
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Quote:
Because I'm very peeved about the assumptions, I'll go into every one.
The assumptions were yours. Looking over your earlier posts, there is no mention of any other operating system being installed much less specifically windows and Debian. If you had posted that information initially, the responses to your post would have been different.

Quote:
If that partition already exists, I likely do have other OS's, and it obvously would be a problem.
Yes, I wondered about that but you make no mention of other Operating Systems so I don't like to assume. Als, the instructions to the Red Hat site refer specifically to 'creating' an EFI partition which of course would not be necessary if you already had one with files from other operating systems. It isn't clear from your post that you had other operating systems or whether you created the EFI partition and had a problem with it and had to start over.

When you initially installed Red Hat without installing Grub, did you consider the possibility of booting into Debian and updating the Grub on Debian? This should have found the kernel on the Red Hat partition and created a menuentry for Red Hat. I didn't suggest this earlier because you had not indicated you had Debian installed.

If you want a pseudo menu, you have Debian which has it's own grub.cfg file. Use that as a template and change the partition number to correspond to the Red Hat partition or use it's UUID if that is what is used. You would then need the correct path to the kernel and initrd which you could obtain by mounting the partition on which they exist which you posted above.
 
  


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