I use KDE exclusively as my GUI and I use Kate as my text editor. I seldom edit text or configuration files while in console mode unless I am purposely working in console mode. When in console mode I grudgingly use vim and midnight commander. None of the console text editors
satisfy my concept of usability. That is only my opinion, of course.
As far as using Kate with root privileges, which often is necessary to edit system configuration files, there is
a short how-to that explains how to do this in KDE.
Just a note about your being unable to terminate your vi session, next time consider toggling to a different console session. From there, using the
ps ax command, you can identify and then kill the vi session.