I'm trying to mount my phone too save some files.

Here is what I have so far.
sudo dmesg | tail

[ 835.083246] usb 1-2: New USB device found, idVendor=1bbb, idProduct=2008
[ 835.083248] usb 1-2: New USB device strings: Mfr=2, Product=3, SerialNumber=4
[ 835.090132] usb 1-2: can't set config #1, error -71
[ 835.090167] usb 1-2: USB disconnect, device number 4
[ 835.687160] usb 1-2: new high-speed USB device number 5 using xhci_hcd
[ 835.742453] usb 1-2: New USB device found, idVendor=1bbb, idProduct=2008
[ 835.742457] usb 1-2: New USB device strings: Mfr=2, Product=3, SerialNumber=4
[ 835.742458] usb 1-2: Product: 5020T
[ 835.742460] usb 1-2: Manufacturer: OneTouch
[ 835.742461] usb 1-2: SerialNumber: 4S79UKPNT8GQQOTK

I don't know what to do from this point, any help is appreciated.

Opened Thunar, and saw the device. Tried to open and received: No MTP Devices Found, not sure what to do.

What version of Android. 4.3 removed the mass storage option which is why you see MTP othewise choose mass storage on the phone.

Firmware version is 4.1.2

kernel is 3.4

I enabled "phone storage" in settings > storage.

ok, 4.1 still has USB storage, when you connect the cable pull down the top menu and select USB storage instead of MTP. I hear it is possible to get MTP working but even then its somewhat limited on what you can do since it was designed for "media". I had difficulty with it the one time I did bother to get it working. I ended up setting up a WebDav server and use an app called foldersync on my 4.4 Tablet and now my phone too. Ended up being easier as they just sync on schedule themselves weather I plug them into my laptop or not.

That did it.

The easiest way to access files on newer Android phones is with the Airdroid app. You run it on the phone, and access the files through your browser. It works rather well.

Altho' real slackers would install sshdroid on the phone and then sshfs from the computer :-)

Either airdroid or sshdroid you still have to manually copy your files, I like letting it just sync by itsself.

There are many solutions for this particular problem. There's also rsync, which I use to backup my tablet and synchronize it with my desktop. And adb can also be used to manually copy files from/to Android devices.

I use ES File Explorer, an Android app that allows you to browse network shares and copy files to and from the Android device.

For backing up my phone's files, I use Titanium Backup, which does scheduled backups to my SD card, and then backs up to the cloud. It can back up to Google Drive, Dropbox, Box, or other online backup sites. Just give it your login info, and it will back up at any time and frequency you specify. No need to plug the phone in to anything except power, and then only if you want to. You'll have to charge the phone anyway, sometime. I have mine set to back up at 2AM, but it can be set to any time, any day, and it's very convenient. Titanium Backup is one of the more essential Android apps I've found.