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Old 01-08-2018, 04:54 PM   #31
keefaz
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Quote:
Originally Posted by bamunds View Post
@keefaz I've tried to use that script and the first test is always failing as "couldn't find your kernel image in /boot,.."
My kernel responds to uname -r as '4.4.106-ba'. I saw where you suggested modifying line 113 of the script, but I've tried that and actually gone to a full 10 X's and it still doesn't recognize the kernel. The /boot/vmlinuz is a symlink to vmlinuz-custom-4.4.106 image on my machine. Any suggestions? Thanks
You have to use just 6 Xs for mktemp
Code:
 
man mktemp
... 
The  mktemp  utility takes the given filename template and overwrites a
       portion of it to create a unique filename.  The  template  may  be  any
       filename   with   six   (6)   `Xs'   appended   to   it,   for  example
       /tmp/tfile.XXXXXX.
For the kernel filename, just write it in the script after it tests for files in /boot, eg add this line
Code:
[ -e /boot/vmlinuz-linux       ] && img=/boot/vmlinuz-linux
[ -e /boot/vmlinuz-$(uname -r) ] && img=/boot/vmlinuz-$(uname -r)
[ -e /boot/kernel-$( uname -r) ] && img=/boot/kernel-$( uname -r)
[ -e /boot/bzImage-$(uname -r) ] && img=/boot/bzImage-$(uname -r)
[ -e /boot/kernel-genkernel-$(uname -m)-$(uname -r) ] && img=/boot/kernel-genkernel-$(uname -m)-$(uname -r)
img=/boot/vmlinuz-custom-4.4.106
...
 
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Old 01-08-2018, 05:01 PM   #32
bamunds
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Quote:
Originally Posted by keefaz View Post
You have to use just 6 Xs for mktemp
Code:
[ -e /boot/kernel-genkernel-$(uname -m)-$(uname -r) ] && img=/boot/kernel-genkernel-$(uname -m)-$(uname -r)
img=/boot/vmlinuz-custom-4.4.106
...
Thanks, the added image file did the trick. This is a nice script tool for testing, it should be added to the Greg K-H discussion about Meltdown and Spectre https://www.linuxquestions.org/quest...el-4175621133/so others are aware of it.
 
Old 01-09-2018, 12:08 AM   #33
Petri Kaukasoina
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Quote:
Originally Posted by bassmadrigal View Post
I'm actually kinda surprised that 4.1 isn't getting the updates (or maybe it is and I'm just not aware of it), because it won't be EOL until May 2018. Other than that, 4.4, 4.9, 4.14, and 4.15 are the only maintained kernels by kernel developers. All other kernels versions have been EOLed and probably won't see official updates for these vulnerabilities.
3.2.98 also got the patches.
 
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Old 01-09-2018, 11:35 PM   #34
bamunds
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Hmm, Intel's latest microcode available is dated 20180108. Pulled it from their download site earlier linked in this thread. I then modified the intel-microcode.SlackBuild to reference the new file and executed the SlackBuild. That placed a new intel-ucode.cpio in /boot and built a package which was then installed. Then issued
Code:
#cat /boot/intel-ucode.cpio /boot/initrd-custom-4.4.110.gz > /boot/initrd-custom-4.4.110_ucode.gz
and rebooted. But when dmesg is checked it doesn't show any new microcode loading. So checked the download and the 0xf47 file (0F-04-07) is included with a new date. On the Greg K-H thread it is noted that Intel is working on CPU's upto five years old.

Appears nothing new is loading at this time. Expected to see results with microcode date of 01/08/2018. The Intel releasenote mention resetting the reload, which the intel-microcode slackbuild does NOT mentioin. Did I miss a step?

Or will results only appear if new microcode is actually changed?

Trouble shooting advice appreciated. Cheers
 
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Old 01-10-2018, 12:38 AM   #35
nobodino
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official Intel microcode update: https://downloadcenter.intel.com/dow...e-20180108.tgz
 
Old 01-10-2018, 06:25 AM   #36
kjhambrick
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Thanks for the head's up bamunds and nobodino

I've built and installed 2018-01-08 but I'm still building 4.4.111 so I'll boot it later.

This is my current running intel-ucode version from 2017-11-17:
Code:
# dmesg -t |grep -m1 microcode

microcode: CPU0 microcode updated early to revision 0xba, date = 2017-04-09
The release notes so show that I should bump from revision 0xba to 0xc2 ...

My new kernel is ready to install so here we go ... will report back.

EDIT: Back on the air with 4.4.111 + intel-microcode 2018-01-08 and the NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-384.98.run blob.

My intel-ucode revision is now:

Code:
# dmesg -t |grep -m1  microcode 

microcode: CPU0 microcode updated early to revision 0xc2, date = 2017-11-16
-- kjh

Code:
# cat releasenote

Intel Processor Microcode Package for Linux
20180108 Release

-- Updates upon 20171117 release --
IVT C0          (06-3e-04:ed) 428->42a
SKL-U/Y D0      (06-4e-03:c0) ba->c2
BDW-U/Y E/F     (06-3d-04:c0) 25->28
HSW-ULT Cx/Dx   (06-45-01:72) 20->21
Crystalwell Cx  (06-46-01:32) 17->18
BDW-H E/G       (06-47-01:22) 17->1b
HSX-EX E0       (06-3f-04:80) 0f->10
SKL-H/S R0      (06-5e-03:36) ba->c2
HSW Cx/Dx       (06-3c-03:32) 22->23
HSX C0          (06-3f-02:6f) 3a->3b
BDX-DE V0/V1    (06-56-02:10) 0f->14
BDX-DE V2       (06-56-03:10) 700000d->7000011
KBL-U/Y H0      (06-8e-09:c0) 62->80
KBL Y0 / CFL D0 (06-8e-0a:c0) 70->80
KBL-H/S B0      (06-9e-09:2a) 5e->80
CFL U0          (06-9e-0a:22) 70->80
CFL B0          (06-9e-0b:02) 72->80
SKX H0          (06-55-04:b7) 2000035->200003c
GLK B0          (06-7a-01:01) 1e->22

-- Microcode update instructions --
This package contains Intel microcode files in two formats:
* microcode.dat
* intel-ucode directory 

microcode.dat is in a traditional text format. It is still used in some
Linux distributions. It can be updated to the system through the old microcode
update interface which is avaialble in the kernel with
CONFIG_MICROCODE_OLD_INTERFACE=y.

To update the microcode.dat to the system, one need:
1. Ensure the existence of /dev/cpu/microcode
2. Write microcode.dat to the file, e.g.
  dd if=microcode.dat of=/dev/cpu/microcode bs=1M

intel-ucode dirctory contains binary microcode files named in
family-model-stepping pattern. The file is supported in most modern Linux
distributions. It's generally located in the /lib/firmware directory,
and can be updated throught the microcode reload interface.

To update the intel-ucode package to the system, one need:
1. Ensure the existence of /sys/devices/system/cpu/microcode/reload
2. Copy intel-ucode directory to /lib/firmware, overwrite the files in
/lib/firmware/intel-ucode/
3. Write the reload interface to 1 to reload the microcode files, e.g.
  echo 1 > /sys/devices/system/cpu/microcode/reload

Last edited by kjhambrick; 01-10-2018 at 06:42 AM.
 
Old 01-10-2018, 06:49 AM   #37
bassmadrigal
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Quote:
Originally Posted by bamunds View Post
Hmm, Intel's latest microcode available is dated 20180108. Pulled it from their download site earlier linked in this thread. I then modified the intel-microcode.SlackBuild to reference the new file and executed the SlackBuild. That placed a new intel-ucode.cpio in /boot and built a package which was then installed. Then issued
Code:
#cat /boot/intel-ucode.cpio /boot/initrd-custom-4.4.110.gz > /boot/initrd-custom-4.4.110_ucode.gz
and rebooted. But when dmesg is checked it doesn't show any new microcode loading. So checked the download and the 0xf47 file (0F-04-07) is included with a new date. On the Greg K-H thread it is noted that Intel is working on CPU's upto five years old.

Appears nothing new is loading at this time. Expected to see results with microcode date of 01/08/2018. The Intel releasenote mention resetting the reload, which the intel-microcode slackbuild does NOT mentioin. Did I miss a step?

Or will results only appear if new microcode is actually changed?

Trouble shooting advice appreciated. Cheers
What do you have in your lilo.conf (or elilo.conf)? Do you have a reference to your initrd in there?
 
Old 01-10-2018, 07:14 AM   #38
kjhambrick
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Quote:
Originally Posted by bamunds View Post
Hmm, Intel's latest microcode available is dated 20180108. Pulled it from their download site earlier linked in this thread. I then modified the intel-microcode.SlackBuild to reference the new file and executed the SlackBuild. That placed a new intel-ucode.cpio in /boot and built a package which was then installed. Then issued
Code:
#cat /boot/intel-ucode.cpio /boot/initrd-custom-4.4.110.gz > /boot/initrd-custom-4.4.110_ucode.gz
and rebooted. But when dmesg is checked it doesn't show any new microcode loading. So checked the download and the 0xf47 file (0F-04-07) is included with a new date. On the Greg K-H thread it is noted that Intel is working on CPU's upto five years old.

Appears nothing new is loading at this time. Expected to see results with microcode date of 01/08/2018. The Intel releasenote mention resetting the reload, which the intel-microcode slackbuild does NOT mentioin. Did I miss a step?

Or will results only appear if new microcode is actually changed?

Trouble shooting advice appreciated. Cheers
bamunds --

I wonder what your CPU Family, Model, Stepping is ?

And is there a new file for that set of CPU Parameters in /lib/firmware/intel-ucode/ which was installed with your modified intel-microcode.SlackBuild ?

This is the file for my CPU ( i7 6700K ):

Code:
# ls -la /lib/firmware/intel-ucode/`./.get-my-cpu-f-m-s.sh`

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 99328 Jan 10 06:25 /lib/firmware/intel-ucode/06-5e-03
Note the .get-my-cpu-f-m-s.sh script in the command line !

The script is below my sig.

This is the output for my CPU:

Code:
# ./.get-my-cpu-f-m-s.sh

06-5e-03
HTH

-- kjh

This is .get-my-cpu-f-m-s.sh ... it lives in my intel-microcode SlackBuild Directory:

Not much to it and my `gawk` programming style annoys purists, the fanciest thing it does is print the /proc/cpuinfo Family, Model, Stepping data as Hex.

Code:
!/bin/sh

gawk '
BEGIN {

   FS = ":"

   F = M = S = N = 0

   # cpu family      : 6
   # model           : 94
   # stepping        : 3

}
{
   if ( match( $1, /^cpu family[\t ]*$/ ))
   {
      F = $2 +0

      if (( ++N ) >= 3 )
      {
         exit( 0 )
      }
      next
   }
   if ( match( $1, /^model[\t ]*$/ ))
   {
      M = $2 +0

      if (( ++N ) >= 3 )
      {
         exit( 0 )
      }
      next
   }
   if ( match( $1, /^stepping[\t ]*$/ ))
   {
      S = $2 +0

      if (( ++N ) >= 3 )
      {
         exit( 0 )
      }
      next
   }
   if ( N >= 3 )
   {
      exit( 0 )
   }
}
END {

  if ( N >= 3 )
  {
     printf( "%02x-%02x-%02x\n", F, M, S )
     exit 0
  }
  print ""
  exit 1
    
}' /proc/cpuinfo
 
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Old 01-10-2018, 07:22 AM   #39
keefaz
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Quote:
Originally Posted by bamunds View Post
Hmm, Intel's latest microcode available is dated 20180108. Pulled it from their download site earlier linked in this thread. I then modified the intel-microcode.SlackBuild to reference the new file and executed the SlackBuild. That placed a new intel-ucode.cpio in /boot and built a package which was then installed. Then issued
Code:
#cat /boot/intel-ucode.cpio /boot/initrd-custom-4.4.110.gz > /boot/initrd-custom-4.4.110_ucode.gz
and rebooted. But when dmesg is checked it doesn't show any new microcode loading. So checked the download and the 0xf47 file (0F-04-07) is included with a new date. On the Greg K-H thread it is noted that Intel is working on CPU's upto five years old.

Appears nothing new is loading at this time. Expected to see results with microcode date of 01/08/2018. The Intel releasenote mention resetting the reload, which the intel-microcode slackbuild does NOT mentioin. Did I miss a step?

Or will results only appear if new microcode is actually changed?

Trouble shooting advice appreciated. Cheers
Please post output with:
Code:
dmesg | grep microcode
awk '
/family/ {f=sprintf("%02X",$4)}
/model/ && $2 != "name"{m=sprintf("%02X",$3)}
/stepping/{s=sprintf("%02X",$3)}
END{print f"-"m"-"s}
' /proc/cpuinfo
edit:
Posted before reading kjhambrick reply

Last edited by keefaz; 01-10-2018 at 07:31 AM.
 
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Old 01-10-2018, 08:05 AM   #40
Petri Kaukasoina
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Quote:
Originally Posted by bamunds View Post
Then issued
Code:
#cat /boot/intel-ucode.cpio /boot/initrd-custom-4.4.110.gz > /boot/initrd-custom-4.4.110_ucode.gz
and rebooted. But when dmesg is checked it doesn't show any new microcode loading.
Did you forget to run lilo?
 
Old 01-10-2018, 08:20 AM   #41
sramov
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Quote:
Originally Posted by bamunds View Post
Or will results only appear if new microcode is actually changed?
Yes, depending on your CPU, you might not see new ucode loaded if there are no updates for it, even if you did build a new initrd with the new microcode release.

For example this is the output when I applied the latest Intel microcode (20180108):

Code:
% sudo dmesg | grep microcode 
[    0.000000] microcode: microcode updated early to revision 0x23, date = 2017-11-20
[    3.657018] microcode: sig=0x306c3, pf=0x2, revision=0x23
[    3.657198] microcode: Microcode Update Driver: v2.2.
Before that it was at 0x22. It was at 0x22 over more than few microcode updates so only if there's something applicable to your CPU, it will be updated, if not there will be no change even if you did everything properly with the initrd.
 
Old 01-10-2018, 09:48 AM   #42
PROBLEMCHYLD
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Quote:
Originally Posted by kjhambrick View Post
Code:
-- Microcode update instructions --
This package contains Intel microcode files in two formats:
* microcode.dat
* intel-ucode directory 

microcode.dat is in a traditional text format. It is still used in some
Linux distributions. It can be updated to the system through the old microcode
update interface which is avaialble in the kernel with
CONFIG_MICROCODE_OLD_INTERFACE=y.

To update the microcode.dat to the system, one need:
1. Ensure the existence of /dev/cpu/microcode
2. Write microcode.dat to the file, e.g.
  dd if=microcode.dat of=/dev/cpu/microcode bs=1M

intel-ucode dirctory contains binary microcode files named in
family-model-stepping pattern. The file is supported in most modern Linux
distributions. It's generally located in the /lib/firmware directory,
and can be updated throught the microcode reload interface.

To update the intel-ucode package to the system, one need:
1. Ensure the existence of /sys/devices/system/cpu/microcode/reload
2. Copy intel-ucode directory to /lib/firmware, overwrite the files in
/lib/firmware/intel-ucode/
3. Write the reload interface to 1 to reload the microcode files, e.g.
  echo 1 > /sys/devices/system/cpu/microcode/reload
Method 1

Does not work at all for me. The output listed

Code:
[root@darkstar:~] # dd if=microcode.dat of=/dev/cpu/microcode bs=1M
dd: error writing '/dev/cpu/microcode': Invalid argument
1+0 records in
0+0 records out
0 bytes copied, 0.0441653 s, 0.0 kB/s
Method 2

Does work for me, but it reverts after reboot. The output listed

Code:
[root@darkstar:~] # dmesg | grep microcode
[    1.215860] microcode: sig=0x6fd, pf=0x80, revision=0xa3
[    1.219124] microcode: Microcode Update Driver: v2.2.
[root@darkstar:~] # echo 1 > /sys/devices/system/cpu/microcode/reload
[root@darkstar:~] # dmesg | grep microcode
[    1.215860] microcode: sig=0x6fd, pf=0x80, revision=0xa3
[    1.219124] microcode: Microcode Update Driver: v2.2.
[  184.140222] microcode: updated to revision 0xa4, date = 2010-10-02
Here is my lilo.conf, how do I make it stick?

Code:
  append="vt.default_utf8=1"
  boot=/dev/sda
  compact
  bitmap=/boot/slack.bmp
  bmp-colors=255,0,255,0,255,0
  bmp-table=60,6,1,16
  bmp-timer=65,27,0,255
  prompt
  change-rules
  reset
  vga=773
image=/dmt/live/vmlinuz
  root=/dev/sda1
  label=0.30.0
  append="boot=live config union=overlay noswap noprompt ip=frommedia live-media-path=/dmt/live bootfrom=/dev/sda1 toram=filesystem.squashfs video=SVIDEO-1:d" 
  vga=788
  initrd=/dmt/live/initrd.img
image=/boot/vmlinuz-generic-smp-4.14.12-smp
  initrd=/boot/initrd_4.14.12-smp.gz
  root=/dev/sda1
  label=4.14.12
  append="resume=/dev/sda2 video=SVIDEO-1:d"
  read-only
 
Old 01-10-2018, 11:21 AM   #43
kjhambrick
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PROBLEMCHYLD --

I posted the releasenote only to show which processors were updated.

I suppose you can make things work following Intel's generic instructions ...

However, for Slackware users, Alexander Verbovetsky ( iucode_tool ) and Andrzej Telszewski ( intel_microcode ) have made it easy-peasy !

Download these two SlackBuilds from SBo:

1. System/iucode_tool
2. System/intel-microcode

Read the README Files !

Then build and install them in this order:

1. iucode_tool
2. intel-microcode

At this point you'll have a /boot/intel-ucode.cpio initrd file, something like this:

Code:
# ls -la /boot/intel-ucode.cpio

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1614848 Jan 10 06:25 /boot/intel-ucode.cpio
The /boot/intel-ucode.cpio file may be prepended to your existing, working initrd file(s) !

I am not exactly sure what you're doing in the first stanza of your lilo.conf ( your default ), but the 2nd entry looks familiar.

And to be safe, rather than replace you existing initrd file and lilo stanza, I would hedge my bets and make a new initrd for the one in your 2nd stanza:

Code:
# cat /boot/intel-ucode.cpio /boot/initrd_4.14.12-smp.gz  > /boot/initrd_4.14.12-smp-ucode.gz
Then add a new Stanza to your /etc/lilo.conf that looks like this:

Code:
image=/boot/vmlinuz-generic-smp-4.14.12-smp
  initrd=/boot/initrd_4.14.12-smp-ucode.gz
  root=/dev/sda1
  label=4.14.12u
  append="resume=/dev/sda2 video=SVIDEO-1:d"
  read-only
Rerun lilo, reboot and select the 4.14.12u entry.

That outta do it !

HTH.

-- kjh
 
Old 01-10-2018, 11:24 AM   #44
mralk3
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The simplest way to append the microcode to an initrd is to use the /etc/mkinitrd.conf. My previous post, (post #4 of this thread) simplifies the process by far. I think that this method should be the recommended way to apply the microcode to a initrd because its the simplest and most fool proof method for newbies and advanced users alike. However, I do realize everyone has their own way of doing things but something is getting lost in translation. Remember, K.I.S.S. principle.

Using the 'cat' command isn't necessary to do any of this. Pat and team simplified the process for us with the mkinitrd.conf. A wrapper script for mkinitrd_command_generator.sh isn't necessary either if you use the mkinitrd.conf.
 
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Old 01-10-2018, 11:25 AM   #45
keefaz
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Quote:
Originally Posted by PROBLEMCHYLD View Post
Here is my lilo.conf, how do I make it stick?
Best way it to make ramfs image imho.
iucode_tool has to be installed from sbo / Slackbuilds

Then, infos from /proc/cpuinfo will give you the correct microcode filename (see awk code above)

Once you know the correct microcode file, the easiest way to make the ramfs image is:
Code:
iucode_tool --write-earlyfw=/boot/intel-ucode.cpio /path/to/microcode_file
If you have already an initrd you have to merge it with intel-ucode.cpio image
Code:
cd /boot
cat intel-ucode.cpio initrd.gz > initrd-merged.gz
Then replace initrd.gz with initrd-merged.gz in lilo.conf

Edit: Wow posted too late again :/

Last edited by keefaz; 01-10-2018 at 11:29 AM.
 
  


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