[SOLVED] Undefined reference errors with static compile

John H. · 02-14-2012, 06:13 PM

Trying to compile a program on Red Hat EL 6.2. It runs into "undefined reference" errors at link time. I've searched the web and attempted everything suggested. No luck.

One thing to note is it compiles fine when linked dynamically. It's only when we use the "-static" option it fails.

Also, the "-static" compile works fine on a CentOS 5.7 system.

Any suggestions beyond termcap and cuses libs are highly appreciated.

System info and errors follow. Note the "undefined reference" errors start in our own code, but then start lib the libcurses.a file.

Quote:

Library system info:

$ rpm -qa | grep curses
ncurses-5.7-3.20090208.el6.i686
ncurses-devel-5.7-3.20090208.el6.i686
ncurses-static-5.7-3.20090208.el6.i686
ncurses-base-5.7-3.20090208.el6.i686
ncurses-libs-5.7-3.20090208.el6.i686

$ rpm -qa | grep term
libtermcap-2.0.8-20.i386
termcap-9.12.6-15.i386

$ rpm -qa | grep gcc
libgcc-4.4.6-3.el6.i686
gcc-4.4.6-3.el6.i686

Quote:

Compile link errors:

/usr/bin/gcc [-I,<include directory>]... -O2 [-L<library path>]... -o <binary filename> [<object filename>]... [-l<libarary>].... -lcurses -static
dispproc.o: In function `prompt_pid':
dispproc.c

.text+0x1d): undefined reference to `LINES'
dispproc.c(.text+0x3b): undefined reference to `COLS'

<... more .o files with undefined reference to `LINES` & `COLS` ...>

lib/libcursesutil.a(cursedfkeys.o): In function `initFkeyModule':
cursedfkeys.c: (.text+0x765): undefined reference to `cur_term'
cursedfkeys.c: (.text+0x7cc): undefined reference to `tparm'
cursedfkeys.c: (.text+0x7d4): undefined reference to `putp'
cursedfkeys.c: (.text+0xb2a): undefined reference to `tigetstr'

lib/libcursesutil.a(cursedfkeys.o): In function `initFkeyModule':
cursedfkeys.c: (.text+0xc60): undefined reference to `setupterm'

lib/libcursesutil.a(cursedwindow.o): In function `flushInput':
cursedwindow.c: (.text+0x127): undefined reference to `flushinp'

lib/libcursesutil.a(cursedwindow.o): In function `keypadOn':
cursedwindow.c: (.text+0x607): undefined reference to `keypad'

lib/libcursesutil.a(cursedwindow.o): In function `addChar':

lib/libcursesutil.a(cursedwindow.o): In function `resetShellMode':
cursedwindow.c: (.text+0x9f7): undefined reference to `reset_shell_mode'

lib/libcursesutil.a(cursedwindow.o): In function `resetProgramMode':
cursedwindow.c: (.text+0xa57): undefined reference to `reset_prog_mode'

lib/libcursesutil.a(cursedwindow.o): In function `defineShellMode':
cursedwindow.c: (.text+0xb47): undefined reference to `def_shell_mode'

lib/libcursesutil.a(cursedwindow.o): In function `defineProgramMode':
cursedwindow.c: (.text+0xba7): undefined reference to `def_prog_mode'

lib/libcursesutil.a(cursedshell.o): In function `cursed_shell_cmd':

lib/libcursesutil.a(cursedmisc.o): In function `enter_curses_mode':
cursedmisc.c: (.text+0x7e): undefined reference to `cbreak'

/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.6/../../../libcurses.a(lib_addch.o): In function `waddch_nosync':
(.text+0xda): undefined reference to `unctrl'
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.6/../../../libcurses.a(lib_addch.o): In function `waddch_nosync':
(.text+0x4b2): undefined reference to `TABSIZE'
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.6/../../../libcurses.a(lib_addch.o): In function `_nc_waddch_nosync':
(.text+0x86c): undefined reference to `unctrl'
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.6/../../../libcurses.a(lib_addch.o): In function `_nc_waddch_nosync':
(.text+0x2c): undefined reference to `acs_map'
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.6/../../../libcurses.a(lib_box.o): In function `wborder':
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.6/../../../libcurses.a(lib_box.o): (.text+0xc3): more undefined references to `acs_map' follow
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.6/../../../libcurses.a(lib_delwin.o): In function `delwin':
(.text+0x21): undefined reference to `_nc_globals'
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.6/../../../libcurses.a(lib_delwin.o): In function `delwin':
(.text+0x99): undefined reference to `curscr'
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.6/../../../libcurses.a(lib_echo.o): In function `echo':
(.text+0x1): undefined reference to `SP'
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.6/../../../libcurses.a(lib_endwin.o): In function `endwin':
(.text+0x2f): undefined reference to `reset_shell_mode'
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.6/../../../libcurses.a(lib_getch.o): In function `_nc_wgetch':
(.text+0x1ef): undefined reference to `_nc_keypad'
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.6/../../../libcurses.a(lib_getch.o): In function `_nc_wgetch':
(.text+0x355): undefined reference to `_nc_timed_wait'
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.6/../../../libcurses.a(lib_getch.o): In function `_nc_wgetch':
(.text+0xa2d): undefined reference to `_nc_handle_sigwinch'
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.6/../../../libcurses.a(lib_getch.o): In function `_nc_wgetch':
(.text+0xa3d): undefined reference to `_nc_update_screensize'
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.6/../../../libcurses.a(lib_getstr.o): In function `wgetnstr':
(.text+0x10d): undefined reference to `_nc_get_tty_mode'
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.6/../../../libcurses.a(lib_getstr.o): In function `wgetnstr':
(.text+0x149): undefined reference to `noraw'
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.6/../../../libcurses.a(lib_getstr.o): In function `wgetnstr':
(.text+0x151): undefined reference to `cbreak'
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.6/../../../libcurses.a(lib_getstr.o): In function `wgetnstr':
(.text+0x156): undefined reference to `erasechar'
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.6/../../../libcurses.a(lib_getstr.o): In function `wgetnstr':
(.text+0x15e): undefined reference to `killchar'
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.6/../../../libcurses.a(lib_getstr.o): In function `wgetnstrb:
(.text+0x2bc): undefined reference to `_nc_set_tty_mode'
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.6/../../../libcurses.a(lib_initscr.o): In function `initscr':
(.text+0x12): undefined reference to `stdscr'
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.6/../../../libcurses.a(lib_initscr.o): In function `initscr':
(.text+0x22): undefined reference to `_nc_globals'
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.6/../../../libcurses.a(lib_initscr.o): In function `initscr':
(.text+0x5d): undefined reference to `def_prog_mode'
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.6/../../../libcurses.a(lib_initscr.o): In function `initscr':
(.text+0x62): undefined reference to `stdscr'
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.6/../../../libcurses.a(lib_mvcur.o): In function `repeated_append':
(.text+0x45): undefined reference to `_nc_safe_strcat'
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.6/../../../libcurses.a(lib_mvcur.o): In function `_nc_mvcur_resume':
(.text+0x68): undefined reference to `cur_term'
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.6/../../../libcurses.a(lib_mvcur.o): In function `_nc_mvcur_resume':
(.text+0x7a): undefined reference to `putp'
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.6/../../../libcurses.a(lib_mvcur.o): In function `_nc_mvcur_resume':
(.text+0x7f): undefined reference to `cur_term'
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.6/../../../libcurses.a(lib_mvcur.o): In function `_nc_mvcur_resume':
(.text+0xaa): undefined reference to `tparm'
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.6/../../../libcurses.a(lib_mvcur.o): In function `_nc_mvcur_resume':
(.text+0xb2): undefined reference to `putp'
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.6/../../../libcurses.a(lib_mvcur.o): In function `_nc_mvcur_resume':
(.text+0xe8): undefined reference to `curs_set'
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.6/../../../libcurses.a(lib_mvcur.o): In function `_nc_msec_cost':
(.text+0x2af): undefined reference to `_nc_prescreen'
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.6/../../../libcurses.a(lib_mvcur.o): In function `relative_move':
(.text+0xa0b): undefined reference to `_nc_str_copy'
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.6/../../../libcurses.a(lib_mvcur.o): In function `relative_move':
(.text+0xa23): undefined reference to `cur_term'
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.6/../../../libcurses.a(lib_mvcur.o): In function `relative_move':
(.text+0xa55): undefined reference to `_nc_safe_strcat'
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.6/../../../libcurses.a(lib_mvcur.o): In function `relative_move':
(.text+0xc79): undefined reference to `_nc_str_init'
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.6/../../../libcurses.a(lib_mvcur.o): In function `relative_move':
(.text+0xc7f): undefined reference to `cur_term'
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.6/../../../libcurses.a(lib_mvcur.o): In function `relative_move':
(.text+0xce8): undefined reference to `SP'
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.6/../../../libcurses.a(lib_mvcur.o): In function `relative_move':
(.text+0xd20): undefined reference to `_nc_safe_strcat'
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.6/../../../libcurses.a(lib_mvcur.o): In function `relative_move':
(.text+0xd4a): undefined reference to `cur_term'

...

NevemTeve · 02-15-2012, 02:48 AM

Please paste here the link-command...

John H. · 02-16-2012, 03:40 PM

I didn't explicitly type a link command - gcc deals with that. And all the gcc options that are used to execute the link command are listed.

Here's gcc -v output:

Quote:

/usr/bin/gcc -I../includes [-I
<include dir>]... -D__USE_SVID -v -O2 [-L<lib dir>]... -o <binary filename> <.o object file>... -l<libraries>... -lcurses -static

Using built-in specs.
Target: i686-redhat-linux

Configured with: ../configure
--prefix=/usr --mandir=/usr/share/man --infodir=/usr/share/info
--with-bugurl=http://bugzilla.redhat.com/bugzilla --enable-bootstrap
--enable-shared --enable-threads=posix --enable-checking=release
--with-system-zlib --enable-__cxa_atexit --disable-libunwind-exceptions
--enable-gnu-unique-object
--enable-languages=c,c++,objc,obj-c++,java,fortran,ada --enable-java-awt=gtk
--disable-dssi --with-java-home=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.5.0-gcj-1.5.0.0/jre
--enable-libgcj-multifile --enable-java-maintainer-mode
--with-ecj-jar=/usr/share/java/eclipse-ecj.jar --disable-libjava-multilib
--with-ppl --with-cloog --with-tune=generic --with-arch=i686
--build=i686-redhat-linux

Thread model: posix
gcc version 4.4.6 20110731 (Red Hat 4.4.6-3) (GCC)

COMPILER_PATH=/usr/libexec/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.6/:/usr/libexec/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.6/:/usr/libexec/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/:/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.6/:/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/:/usr/libexec/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.6/:/usr/libexec/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/:/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.6/:/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/

LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.6/:/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.6/:/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.6/../../../:/lib/:/usr/lib/

COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='[-I <include dir>]... '-D__USE_SVID' '-v' '-O2'
'-L/home/herbergj/swdev/RedLinux2632x86D06p_branchopt/share/lib'
'-L/home/herbergj/swdev/RedLinux2632x86D06p_branchopt/sos/share/lib'
'-L/home/herbergj/swdev/RedLinux2632x86D06p_branchopt/share/lib' '-o' 'cvhost' '-static' '-mtune=generic' '-march=i686'

/usr/libexec/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.6/collect2 --build-id -m elf_i386
--hash-style=gnu -static -o <binary filename>
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.6/../../../crt1.o
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.6/../../../crti.o
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.6/crtbeginT.o [-L<librar path>]....
-L/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.6 -L/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.6
-L/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.6/../../.. -l<library>... -lcurses
--start-group -lgcc -lgcc_eh -lc --end-group
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.6/crtend.o
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-redhat-linux/4.4.6/../../../crtn.o

NevemTeve · 02-17-2012, 02:20 AM

Then please paste the command you gave to gcc to perform linking...

John H. · 02-17-2012, 10:20 AM

Maybe the fact that I've taken out the specifics that aren't applicable to the problem (or a solution

) caused confusion. But the gcc command has been included in both posts.

Items specific to my files, my libraries, and my include directories aren't included, but what is emphasized below is that I'm already linking in the curses library (that's the only -l for a library not developed by me) and we're specifying "-static".

/usr/bin/gcc -I../includes [-I <include dir>]... -D__USE_SVID -v -O2 [-L<lib dir>]... -o <binary filename> <.o object file>... -l<libraries>... -lcurses -static

Reuti · 02-18-2012, 07:00 AM

As it’s working with a dynamic link, it can point to circular references between the libraries. They would then be need to be put in a group for static linking:

Code:

-Wl,--start-group <lib1> <lib2> -Wl,--end-group

<libn> can be absolute paths or referenced by the -l option (man ld section “--start-group archives --end-group”).

ntubski · 02-18-2012, 05:53 PM

I don't think there is a circular reference, just libcurses depends on libtermcap, try adding -ltermcap after -lcurses.

John H. · 02-18-2012, 09:14 PM

Sadly, I have tried that one, but due to an error (and not understanding why a static compile would require a library that a dynamic does not), I gave-up on it. Assuming it will fix the problem though ...

where in the world can I find a static libtermcap library for Red Hat 6.2?

Output that shows current termcap libs installed & static compile error follow:

$ rpm -qa | grep termcap
libtermcap-2.0.8-20.i386
termcap-9.12.6-15.i386

$ ls /lib/*term*
/lib/libtermcap.so.2 /lib/libtermcap.so.2.0.8

Compile/link error with the "-static" option:

/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -ltermcap
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
gmake: *** [cvhost] Error 1

ntubski · 02-18-2012, 11:29 PM

Quote:

Originally Posted by John H.

not understanding why a static compile would require a library that a dynamic does not

Dynamic libraries pull in their dependencies automatically, but the same libraries are required in both cases.

Quote:

where in the world can I find a static libtermcap library for Red Hat 6.2?

(lib)termcap-devel, maybe?

John H. · 02-19-2012, 02:03 PM

I would agree about the dynamic pulling dependencies in automatically, but the mystery is I didn't even have the termcap libs installed & the dynamic compile/link/execute of program all worked fine.

Will libtermcap* fix the static compile? I don't know, but I'm trying any option possible.

I'll let you know about the termcap-devel lib.

Thanks,
John

John H. · 02-20-2012, 02:51 AM

Update

I encompassed every library being linked with the -Wl,--start-group <lib1> <lib2> -Wl,--end-group and it still has the same problem.

My search for a package that actually has a static termcap library continues.

- JWH

John H. · 02-21-2012, 06:43 PM

Problem solved:

-lcurses -static doesn't cut it.

Either does -ltermcap.

What does is:

-lcurses -ltinfo -static

I'd guess libtinfo = terminfo library. terminfo replaced termcap.

John H.

Reuti · 02-22-2012, 02:24 AM

Quote:

Originally Posted by John H.

I encompassed every library being linked with the -Wl,--start-group <lib1> <lib2> -Wl,--end-group and it still has the same problem.

You mean a list of all libraries you enclosed with the group statement, or each library in its own group?

John H. · 02-22-2012, 04:31 AM

I threw all the libraries in one group. Didn't matter. As my last post said, the problem was solved by linking in libtinfo - no group statement.