LinuxQuestions.org - [SOLVED] Portable Numbers Format: PNFHA

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- - Portable Numbers Format: PNFHA (https://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/programming-9/portable-numbers-format-pnfha-4175503006/)

Portable Numbers Format: PNFHA

If you have a question you should post it, not post a link to another forum.

If you are sharing information it would be best to tell us what it is.

Perhaps I should have included some text with this link. I am trying to create a language, which this one is called PNFHA (Portable Numbers Format High Level Language A). It is not working. It doesn't like the ID or ID = expression after a print or var command. The syntax seems to describe it okay, but it doesn't work in practice. The link is where I origionally posted it, but to get faster responses, I posted it here too. It seems that this site is the one I'm getting responses on for these sets of problems for this language, so that's good, but I wasn't sure where I would get responses. If you'd rather, I could've copied the question into here.

I was thinking that enabling debugging for bison when I looked at it might be a good idea. But I am having trouble enabling debugging. Here is my changed file:

Code:

%{

/* Prologue */

#include <deslib/deslib.hpp>

#include <cmath>





int main(int argc, char ** argv);

void yyerror(char const * c);

int yylex();

FILE * output;





class Var

{

 private:

  String itsname;

  double itsvalue;



 public:

  void name(String name);

  String name();



  void value(double value);

  double value();

};



void Var::name(String name)

{

 itsname = name;

}



String Var::name()

{

 return itsname;

}



void Var::value(double value)

{

 itsvalue = value;

}



double Var::value()

{

 return itsvalue;

}





Var varTable[255];

unsigned long varcount = 0;

%}

/* Bison Declarations */

%debug





%error-verbose



%right OPEQUAL

%left OPMINUS OPPLUS

%left OPTIMES OPDIV

%left OPMODULUS

%left NEG

%right OPPOWER



%token LEFTP

%token RIGHTP

%token LEFTB

%token RIGHTB

%token NUMBER

%token SEND

%token COMMA

%token OPEQUAL

%token OPPLUS

%token OPMINUS

%token OPTIMES

%token OPDIV

%token OPMODULUS

%token OPPOWER

%token ID

%token VAR



%token PRINT "print"



%%

/* Grammar Rules */



input:        // Empty

        | input line

        ;



line:        '\n'

        | statement

        | error                { yyerrok; }

        ;



statement:        SEND

                | expression_statement

                | declaration_statement

                | command_statement

                | statement_block

                ;



expression_statement:        expression SEND

                        ;



declaration_statement:        declaration SEND

                        ;



command_statement:        command SEND

                        ;



statement_block:        LEFTB temp_statement_block RIGHTB

                        ;



temp_statement_block:        statement

                        | statement statement

                        ;



expression:        exp

                | expression COMMA exp

                ;



exp:                number_expression

                | variable_expression

                ;





number_expression:        NUMBER                                                { $$ = $1; }

                        | number_expression OPPLUS number_expression        { $$ = $1 + $3; }

                        | number_expression OPMINUS number_expression        { $$ = $1 - $3; }

                        | number_expression OPTIMES number_expression        { $$ = $1 * $3; }

                        | number_expression OPDIV number_expression        { $$ = $1 / $3; }

                        | number_expression OPMODULUS number_expression        { $$ = $1 % $3; }

                        | OPMINUS number_expression        %prec NEG        { $$ = -$2; }

                        | number_expression OPPOWER number_expression        { $$ = pow($1, $3); }

                        | LEFTP number_expression RIGHTP                { $$ = $2; }

                        ;



variable_expression:        ID {

                        bool vfound = false;

                        for (int i = 0; i < varcount; ++i)

                        {

                          if (varTable[i].name().getString().c_str() == yytext)

                          {

                          vfound = true;

                          $$ = varTable[i].value();

                          }

                        }



                        if (vfound == false)

                          yyerrok;

                        }

                        ;



declaration:                variable_declaration

                        ;



variable_declaration:        VAR ID {

                            $$ = 0;



                        

                            bool vfound = false;

                            for (int i = 0; i < varcount; ++i)

                            {

                            if (varTable[i].name().getString().c_str() == yytext)

                            {

                              varTable[i].value($$);

                              vfound = true;

                            }

                            }



                            

                            if (vfound == false)

                            {

                            varTable[varcount].name(yytext);

                            varTable[varcount].value($$);

                            ++varcount;

                            }

                          }

                        | VAR ID OPEQUAL expression { 

                          $$ = $4;

                          



                            bool vfound = false;

                            for (int i = 0; i < varcount; ++i)

                            {

                            if (varTable[i].name().getString().c_str() == yytext)

                            {

                              varTable[i].value($$);

                              vfound = true;

                            }

                            }



                            

                            if (vfound == false)

                            {

                            varTable[varcount].name(yytext);

                            varTable[varcount].value($$);

                            ++varcount;

                            }

                          }

                        ;



command:                print_command

                        ;



print_command:                PRINT expression { $$ = $2; cout << $$; }

                        ;

                



%%

/* Additional C/C++ Code */

This compiles fine and all, but when I run it, I don't see an output file and I don't see any additional error messages.

Also, the changed file now produces these errors:

Code:

* ERROR: scan error

* ERROR: syntax error, unexpected NUMBER, expecting SEND or COMMA

Because of the comma part.

---------- Post added 04-25-14 at 09:21 PM ----------

Here is my file I'm trying to compile:

Code:

;

32;

33 + 2;

33, 32;

var ;

#var a;

#var b = 2;

#var c = 33 * 3;

(33 * 2);

#var d = (33 + 2) * (33 - 2);

#var d = 3;

{ ; }

{

 ;

 ;

}

a;

print ;

#print 32;

#print a;

I would still like to know what I did wrong in the way of enabling debugging, but I did a hack to get it to enable debugging. Here is my hack:

It won't let me post the code, so I'll just explain what I did for my hack. I inserted statements to always print to standard error, everywhere it conditionally prints to it. I said the same thing it wanted to say.

Now I get an output of:

Code:

Starting parse

Entering state 0

Entering state 1

Reading a token: Entering state 8

Entering state 14

Entering state 13

Entering state 1

Reading a token: Entering state 7

Entering state 21

Reading a token: Entering state 20

Entering state 19

Entering state 33

Entering state 15

Entering state 14

Entering state 13

Entering state 1

Reading a token: Entering state 7

Entering state 21

Reading a token: Entering state 35

Reading a token: Entering state 7

Entering state 48

Reading a token: Entering state 21

Entering state 20

Entering state 19

Entering state 33

Entering state 15

Entering state 14

Entering state 13

Entering state 1

Reading a token: Entering state 7

Entering state 21

Reading a token: * ERROR: scan error

Entering state 20

Entering state 19

* ERROR: syntax error, unexpected NUMBER, expecting SEND or COMMA

Entering state 3

Entering state 13

Entering state 1

Entering state 7

Entering state 21

Reading a token: Entering state 20

Entering state 19

Entering state 33

Entering state 15

Entering state 14

Entering state 13

Entering state 1

Reading a token: Entering state 9

Entering state 22

Entering state 20

Entering state 19

Reading a token: Entering state 33

Entering state 15

Entering state 14

Entering state 13

Entering state 1

Reading a token: Entering state 5

Reading a token: Entering state 7

Entering state 28

Reading a token: Entering state 38

Reading a token: Entering state 7

Entering state 51

Reading a token: Entering state 28

Entering state 43

Entering state 21

Reading a token: Entering state 20

Entering state 19

Entering state 33

Entering state 15

Entering state 14

Entering state 13

Entering state 1

Reading a token: Entering state 6

Reading a token: Entering state 8

Entering state 29

Reading a token: Entering state 30

Entering state 45

Entering state 18

Entering state 14

Entering state 13

Entering state 1

Reading a token: Entering state 6

Reading a token: Entering state 8

Entering state 29

Reading a token: Entering state 8

Entering state 44

Entering state 30

Reading a token: Entering state 45

Entering state 18

Entering state 14

Entering state 13

Entering state 1

Reading a token: Entering state 9

Entering state 22

Entering state 20

Entering state 19

Reading a token: Entering state 33

Entering state 15

Entering state 14

Entering state 13

Entering state 1

Reading a token: Entering state 9

Entering state 22

Entering state 20

Entering state 19

Reading a token: Entering state 33

Entering state 15

Entering state 14

Entering state 13

Entering state 1

Reading a token: Now at end of input.

Entering state 2

What does this mean the error is? How do I fix it?

I found out I enabled debugging fine, and I was calling flex wrong, telling it to output, "phfha.cpp", instead of "pnfha.cpp". This enabled debugging. Now the output is as follows, with an unmodified parser/lexer:

Code:

Entering state 5

Reading a token: Next token is token NUMBER ()

Shifting token NUMBER ()

Entering state 7

Reducing stack by rule 21 (line 130):

  $1 = token NUMBER ()

-> $$ = nterm number_expression ()

Stack now 0 1 5

Entering state 28

Reading a token: Next token is token OPTIMES ()

Shifting token OPTIMES ()

Entering state 38

Reading a token: Next token is token NUMBER ()

Shifting token NUMBER ()

Entering state 7

Reducing stack by rule 21 (line 130):

  $1 = token NUMBER ()

-> $$ = nterm number_expression ()

Stack now 0 1 5 28 38

Entering state 51

Reading a token: Next token is token RIGHTP ()

Reducing stack by rule 24 (line 133):

  $1 = nterm number_expression ()

  $2 = token OPTIMES ()

  $3 = nterm number_expression ()

-> $$ = nterm number_expression ()

Stack now 0 1 5

Entering state 28

Next token is token RIGHTP ()

Shifting token RIGHTP ()

Entering state 43

Reducing stack by rule 29 (line 138):

  $1 = token LEFTP ()

  $2 = nterm number_expression ()

  $3 = token RIGHTP ()

-> $$ = nterm number_expression ()

Stack now 0 1

Entering state 21

Reading a token: Next token is token SEND ()

Reducing stack by rule 19 (line 125):

  $1 = nterm number_expression ()

-> $$ = nterm exp ()

Stack now 0 1

Entering state 20

Reducing stack by rule 17 (line 121):

  $1 = nterm exp ()

-> $$ = nterm expression ()

Stack now 0 1

Entering state 19

Next token is token SEND ()

Shifting token SEND ()

Entering state 33

Reducing stack by rule 11 (line 105):

  $1 = nterm expression ()

  $2 = token SEND ()

-> $$ = nterm expression_statement ()

Stack now 0 1

Entering state 15

Reducing stack by rule 7 (line 99):

  $1 = nterm expression_statement ()

-> $$ = nterm statement ()

Stack now 0 1

Entering state 14

Reducing stack by rule 4 (line 94):

  $1 = nterm statement ()

-> $$ = nterm line ()

Stack now 0 1

Entering state 13

Reducing stack by rule 2 (line 90):

  $1 = nterm input ()

  $2 = nterm line ()

-> $$ = nterm input ()

Stack now 0

Entering state 1

Reading a token: Next token is token LEFTB ()

Shifting token LEFTB ()

Entering state 6

Reading a token: Next token is token SEND ()

Shifting token SEND ()

Entering state 8

Reducing stack by rule 6 (line 98):

  $1 = token SEND ()

-> $$ = nterm statement ()

Stack now 0 1 6

Entering state 29

Reading a token: Next token is token RIGHTB ()

Reducing stack by rule 15 (line 117):

  $1 = nterm statement ()

-> $$ = nterm temp_statement_block ()

Stack now 0 1 6

Entering state 30

Next token is token RIGHTB ()

Shifting token RIGHTB ()

Entering state 45

Reducing stack by rule 14 (line 114):

  $1 = token LEFTB ()

  $2 = nterm temp_statement_block ()

  $3 = token RIGHTB ()

-> $$ = nterm statement_block ()

Stack now 0 1

Entering state 18

Reducing stack by rule 10 (line 102):

  $1 = nterm statement_block ()

-> $$ = nterm statement ()

Stack now 0 1

Entering state 14

Reducing stack by rule 4 (line 94):

  $1 = nterm statement ()

-> $$ = nterm line ()

Stack now 0 1

Entering state 13

Reducing stack by rule 2 (line 90):

  $1 = nterm input ()

  $2 = nterm line ()

-> $$ = nterm input ()

Stack now 0

Entering state 1

Reading a token: Next token is token LEFTB ()

Shifting token LEFTB ()

Entering state 6

Reading a token: Next token is token SEND ()

Shifting token SEND ()

Entering state 8

Reducing stack by rule 6 (line 98):

  $1 = token SEND ()

-> $$ = nterm statement ()

Stack now 0 1 6

Entering state 29

Reading a token: Next token is token SEND ()

Shifting token SEND ()

Entering state 8

Reducing stack by rule 6 (line 98):

  $1 = token SEND ()

-> $$ = nterm statement ()

Stack now 0 1 6 29

Entering state 44

Reducing stack by rule 16 (line 118):

  $1 = nterm statement ()

  $2 = nterm statement ()

-> $$ = nterm temp_statement_block ()

Stack now 0 1 6

Entering state 30

Reading a token: Next token is token RIGHTB ()

Shifting token RIGHTB ()

Entering state 45

Reducing stack by rule 14 (line 114):

  $1 = token LEFTB ()

  $2 = nterm temp_statement_block ()

  $3 = token RIGHTB ()

-> $$ = nterm statement_block ()

Stack now 0 1

Entering state 18

Reducing stack by rule 10 (line 102):

  $1 = nterm statement_block ()

-> $$ = nterm statement ()

Stack now 0 1

Entering state 14

Reducing stack by rule 4 (line 94):

  $1 = nterm statement ()

-> $$ = nterm line ()

Stack now 0 1

Entering state 13

Reducing stack by rule 2 (line 90):

  $1 = nterm input ()

  $2 = nterm line ()

-> $$ = nterm input ()

Stack now 0

Entering state 1

Reading a token: Next token is token ID ()

Shifting token ID ()

Entering state 9

Reducing stack by rule 30 (line 141):

  $1 = token ID ()

-> $$ = nterm variable_expression ()

Stack now 0 1

Entering state 22

Reducing stack by rule 20 (line 126):

  $1 = nterm variable_expression ()

-> $$ = nterm exp ()

Stack now 0 1

Entering state 20

Reducing stack by rule 17 (line 121):

  $1 = nterm exp ()

-> $$ = nterm expression ()

Stack now 0 1

Entering state 19

Reading a token: Next token is token SEND ()

Shifting token SEND ()

Entering state 33

Reducing stack by rule 11 (line 105):

  $1 = nterm expression ()

  $2 = token SEND ()

-> $$ = nterm expression_statement ()

Stack now 0 1

Entering state 15

Reducing stack by rule 7 (line 99):

  $1 = nterm expression_statement ()

-> $$ = nterm statement ()

Stack now 0 1

Entering state 14

Reducing stack by rule 4 (line 94):

  $1 = nterm statement ()

-> $$ = nterm line ()

Stack now 0 1

Entering state 13

Reducing stack by rule 2 (line 90):

  $1 = nterm input ()

  $2 = nterm line ()

-> $$ = nterm input ()

Stack now 0

Entering state 1

Reading a token: Next token is token ID ()

Shifting token ID ()

Entering state 9

Reducing stack by rule 30 (line 141):

  $1 = token ID ()

-> $$ = nterm variable_expression ()

Stack now 0 1

Entering state 22

Reducing stack by rule 20 (line 126):

  $1 = nterm variable_expression ()

-> $$ = nterm exp ()

Stack now 0 1

Entering state 20

Reducing stack by rule 17 (line 121):

  $1 = nterm exp ()

-> $$ = nterm expression ()

Stack now 0 1

Entering state 19

Reading a token: * ERROR: scan error

* ERROR: scan error

Next token is token ID ()

* ERROR: syntax error, unexpected ID, expecting SEND or COMMA

Error: popping nterm expression ()

Stack now 0 1

Shifting token error ()

Entering state 3

Reducing stack by rule 5 (line 95):

  $1 = token error ()

-> $$ = nterm line ()

Stack now 0 1

Entering state 13

Reducing stack by rule 2 (line 90):

  $1 = nterm input ()

  $2 = nterm line ()

-> $$ = nterm input ()

Stack now 0

Entering state 1

Next token is token ID ()

Shifting token ID ()

Entering state 9

Reducing stack by rule 30 (line 141):

  $1 = token ID ()

-> $$ = nterm variable_expression ()

Stack now 0 1

Entering state 22

Reducing stack by rule 20 (line 126):

  $1 = nterm variable_expression ()

-> $$ = nterm exp ()

Stack now 0 1

Entering state 20

Reducing stack by rule 17 (line 121):

  $1 = nterm exp ()

-> $$ = nterm expression ()

Stack now 0 1

Entering state 19

Reading a token: * ERROR: scan error

Next token is token SEND ()

Shifting token SEND ()

Entering state 33

Reducing stack by rule 11 (line 105):

  $1 = nterm expression ()

  $2 = token SEND ()

-> $$ = nterm expression_statement ()

Stack now 0 1

Entering state 15

Reducing stack by rule 7 (line 99):

  $1 = nterm expression_statement ()

-> $$ = nterm statement ()

Stack now 0 1

Entering state 14

Reducing stack by rule 4 (line 94):

  $1 = nterm statement ()

-> $$ = nterm line ()

Stack now 0 1

Entering state 13

Reducing stack by rule 2 (line 90):

  $1 = nterm input ()

  $2 = nterm line ()

-> $$ = nterm input ()

Stack now 0

Entering state 1

Reading a token: Now at end of input.

Shifting token $end ()

Entering state 2

Stack now 0 1 2

Cleanup: popping token $end ()

Cleanup: popping nterm input ()

This is at least a lot clearer. Lets see if I can tell what it means...

I've got no idea what it means.

Okay, I've been working on it and got further. Here is my new code:

bison:

Code:

%{

/* Prologue */

#include <deslib/deslib.hpp>

#include <cmath>





#define YYDEBUG 1





int main(int argc, char ** argv);

void yyerror(char const * c);

int yylex();

FILE * output;





class Var

{

 private:

  String itsname;

  double itsvalue;



 public:

  void name(String name);

  String name();



  void value(double value);

  double value();

};



void Var::name(String name)

{

 itsname = name;

}



String Var::name()

{

 return itsname;

}



void Var::value(double value)

{

 itsvalue = value;

}



double Var::value()

{

 return itsvalue;

}

%}

/* Bison Declarations */

%debug





%error-verbose



%right OPEQUAL

%left OPMINUS OPPLUS

%left OPTIMES OPDIV

%left OPMODULUS

%left NEG

%right OPPOWER



%token LEFTP

%token RIGHTP

%token LEFTB

%token RIGHTB

%token NUMBER

%token SEND

%token COMMA

%token OPEQUAL

%token OPPLUS

%token OPMINUS

%token OPTIMES

%token OPDIV

%token OPMODULUS

%token OPPOWER

%token ID

%token VAR



%token PRINT "print"



%%

/* Grammar Rules */



input:        // Empty

        | input line

        ;



line:        "\n"

        | statement

        | error                { yyerrok; }

        ;



statement:        SEND

                | expression_statement

                | declaration_statement

                | command_statement

                | statement_block

                ;



expression_statement:        expression SEND

                        ;



declaration_statement:        declaration SEND

                        ;



command_statement:        command SEND

                        ;



statement_block:        LEFTB statements RIGHTB

                        ;



statements:                statement

                        | statement statement

                        ;



expression:        exp

                | expression COMMA exp

                ;



exp:                number_expression

                | ID

                ;





number_expression:        NUMBER                                                { $$ = $1; }

                        | number_expression OPPLUS number_expression        { $$ = $1 + $3; }

                        | number_expression OPMINUS number_expression        { $$ = $1 - $3; }

                        | number_expression OPTIMES number_expression        { $$ = $1 * $3; }

                        | number_expression OPDIV number_expression        { $$ = $1 / $3; }

                        | number_expression OPMODULUS number_expression        { $$ = $1 % $3; }

                        | OPMINUS number_expression        %prec NEG        { $$ = -$2; }

                        | number_expression OPPOWER number_expression        { $$ = pow($1, $3); }

                        | LEFTP number_expression RIGHTP                { $$ = $2; }

                        ;



declaration:                variable_declaration SEND

                        ;



variable_declaration:        VAR ID 

                        | VAR ID OPEQUAL expression 

                        ;



command:                print_command

                        ;



print_command:                PRINT expression { $$ = $2; cout << $$; }

                        ;

                



%%

/* Additional C/C++ Code */

flex:

Code:

%option yylineno





%{

/* Prologue */

#include "pnfha.tab.cpp"

%}

/* Flex Definitions */



DIGIT                [0-9]



NUMBER                {DIGIT}+|{DIGIT}+"."{DIGIT}*



TCHARACTER        .



COMMENT                #{TCHARACTER}*



SEND                ";"



COMMA                ","



OPPLUS                "+"



OPMINUS                "-"



OPTIMES                "*"



OPDIV                "/"



OPMODULUS        "%"



OPPOWER                "^"



OPEQUAL                "="



LEFTP                "("



RIGHTP                ")"



LEFTB                "{"



RIGHTB                "}"



VAR                "var"



ID                [[:alnum:]]*





/* Flex Patterns Below %% */

%%



{NUMBER}                yylval = atof(yytext); return NUMBER;



{SEND}                        yylval = 1; return SEND;



{COMMA}                        yylval = 1; return COMMA;



{LEFTP}                        yylval = 0; return LEFTP;



{RIGHTP}                yylval = 0; return RIGHTP;



{OPEQUAL}                yylval = 0; return OPEQUAL;



{OPPLUS}                yylval = 0; return OPPLUS;



{OPMINUS}                yylval = 0; return OPMINUS;



{OPTIMES}                yylval = 0; return OPTIMES;



{OPDIV}                        yylval = 0; return OPDIV;



{OPMODULUS}                yylval = 0; return OPMODULUS;



{OPPOWER}                yylval = 0; return OPPOWER;



{VAR}                        yylval = 0; return VAR;



{ID}                        yylval = 0; return ID;



{LEFTB}                        yylval = 0; return LEFTB;



{RIGHTB}                yylval = 0; return RIGHTB;



[\n\t ]+                /* Eat up Whitespace */



{COMMENT}                /* Eat up comment */



.                        {

                        String str = "Scan error: ";

                        str += yytext;

                        yyerror(str.getString().c_str());



                        yylval = 0;

                        }



%%

/* Additional Code */

int main(int argc, char ** argv)

{

 yydebug = 0;







 if (argc == 3)

 {

  FILE * input = fopen(argv[1], "r");

  if (!input)

  {

  yyerror("can't open file");

  return -1;

  }

  yyin = input;

  output = fopen(argv[2], "w");

  if (!output)

  {

  yyerror("can't open file for write");

  return -1;

  }

  fprintf(output, "VERSION TVOID 0V\n\n\n");



  

  int ret = yyparse();





  fprintf(output, "\nEND TVOID 0V");

  return ret;

 }

 else

  yyerror("can't find input file or output file.");

}



void yyerror(char const * c)

{

 cout << "* ERROR: " << yylineno << ": " << c << endl;

}

And here is the file I'm trying to compile:

Code:

;

32;

33 + 2;

33, 32;

a;

var a;

a;

#var b = 2;

#var c = 33 * 3;

#(33 * 2);

#var d = (33 + 2) * (33 - 2);

#var d = 3;

#{ ; }

#{

# ;

# ;

#}

#print ;

#print 32;

#print a;

;

The, "a", before it's declared is actually an error, but I haven't gotten that far yet. After it's been declared however, it cannot be used or it generates an error, "* ERROR: 7: syntax error, unexpected ID, expecting SEND". How do I fix this?

I've gotten a little further. See the link for details.

---------- Post added 05-15-14 at 02:13 PM ----------

Perhaps next time, if I want to post to 2 forums, I shall copy & paste.

I'll repeat what I posted in your other thread: you're posting far too much code. You have to go through it yourself to work out what the problem is and then post just enough to reproduce it. I doubt anyone will read through such a large amount of code, attempt to understand it and debug it for you.

I've gotten further. To see my current progress, please look at: http://www.linuxquestions.org/questi...43#post5206243. I posted another thread because this one was getting too old and too complicated to go on, so I'm marking this one solved, but am on this next step. There has been too many changes to continue with this thread...

P.S. - The only reason I posted one last time, was to show the link to a more updated thread...

Also, the threads on the other forum were expired...