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Gcc supports Fortran, Ada, and Java at least right now (and possibly more on your list). For Java, Sun's Java Development Kit works perfectly well under Linux, and is a free download. Scheme is an interpreted language AFAIK, and there's an interpreter called Guile. You may be able to find a compiler. Not sure about the others, but seeing as Emacs is based on Lisp, you can execute Lisp within it. I really don't know Emacs, though, so I have no clue on the details. BTW Scheme is a dialect of Lisp.
For Lisp, you have CLisp, CMUCL and SBCL (maybe others) for the freebies. The last time I looked, CLisp didn't have a native compiler, ie. it interpreted Lisp programs, but it had full Unicode support. CMUCL and SBCL had compilers, but one of the two (I don't recall which) had only partial Unicode support; as I recall it covered the standard lingual plane (I don't remember what they call it) but lacked the extended plane (or whatever they call it), which would cover most needs. I think the other lacked Unicode support. As I recall, they planned to implement it in the near future, but one of the maintainers (if not the maintainer) complained openly on the mailing list about the effort involved.
Commercially, Allegro Common Lisp had a renewable free trial for non-commercial use. As I recall, ACL has both a native compiler and full Unicode support.
I'm not familiar with other implementations, but I know they're out there.
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