Building the simple module fails. -No rule to make target `−C'. Stop

wallwaters · 10-29-2011, 01:41 PM

Here is my sample Hello world program.

****************Hello.c**************

#define MODULE
#include<linux/module.h>
#include<linux/kernel.h>

int init_module(void) {
printk("<1> Hello World \n");
return 0;
}

void cleanup_module(void)
{
printk("<1> Goodbuy World \n");
}

make file for that.

*********************Makefile***************************

obj−m:=hello.o

all:
make −C /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build M=$(pwd) modules
clean:
make −C /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build M=$(pwd) clean

When I do make This is what I see.

make −C /lib/modules/3.0.0-12-generic/build M= modules
make[1]: Entering directory `/home/suneel/Samples'
make[1]: *** No rule to make target `−C'. Stop.
make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/suneel/Samples'
make: *** [all] Error 2

Please suggest some solution.

dwhitney67 · 10-29-2011, 05:04 PM

Please post your code (and Makefile) within CODE tags; that way, the text maintains its proper indentation.

As for the issue you are having, use PWD instead of pwd, and be careful with your hyphens (it would appear that the one you are using is not the proper format).

Here's what the Makefile should look like:

Code:

obj−m:=hello.o

all:
        make -C /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build M=$(PWD) modules
clean:
        make -C /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build M=$(PWD) clean

wallwaters · 10-30-2011, 12:43 PM

Thanks for the reply. I do not see any difference in using PWD or pwd. Present Working Directory has been resolved successfully.

In the build result you see PWD.

make[1]: Entering directory `/home/suneel/Samples'

I tried both ways(pwd and PWD) still same issue.

Any other suggestion?

Thanks

wallwaters · 10-30-2011, 12:59 PM

I think it was the problem with hyphen, seems to be it was converted to minus. I have fixed that in the make file. But still build was not successful.

Quote:

make -C /lib/modules/3.0.0-12-generic/build M=/home/suneel/Samples modules
make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-3.0.0-12-generic'
Building modules, stage 2.
MODPOST 0 modules
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-3.0.0-12-generic'

Any suggestions after this?

dwhitney67 · 10-30-2011, 01:51 PM

Hello.c is not the same as hello.c. Conversely, Hello.o is not the same as hello.o.

The following source code and Makefile work successfully; copy/paste for your needs:

hello.c:

Code:

#include <linux/module.h>      // Needed by all modules

#define DRIVER_AUTHOR "Your Name <yourname@isp.com>"
#define DRIVER_DESC   "A Hello World kernel module."

MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
MODULE_AUTHOR(DRIVER_AUTHOR);            /* Who wrote this module? */
MODULE_DESCRIPTION(DRIVER_DESC);         /* What does this module do */


static int __init hello_world( void )
{
  printk("hello world\n");
  return 0;
}

static void __exit goodbye_world( void )
{
  printk("goodbye world\n");
}

module_init( hello_world );
module_exit( goodbye_world );

Makefile:

Code:

obj-m := hello.o        # Module Name is hello.c

KDIR  := /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build

all:
        $(MAKE) -C $(KDIR) M=$(PWD) modules

clean:
        $(MAKE) -C $(KDIR) M=$(PWD) clean

I'm not sure how you got $(pwd) to work; perhaps you have an environment variable with the name of 'pwd'. Most system I have worked with, define it as 'PWD'.