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No, it should work out of the box if you have an available internet connection. You have simply to set some additional repository (especially to download third party software as for mp3 support) that is you have to tell yum where to look for packages. Which linux distribution are you running on?
All the repository configuration files are in /etc/yum.repos.d. Some of them (the official fedora repositories) should have been enabled during the fedora installation. Others can be added following instructions on the fedora wiki or on the repository web site. For example, the xmms-mp3 package for Fedora 8 is provided by freshrpms. You may want to enable this repository by following instructions on the main page.
Regarding your issue, the "Existing lock /var/run/yum.pid" means that another yum session is running, maybe that launched by the auto-updater. This is not a problem, just wait or kill (as you've already done).
It is difficult to understand why yum hangs if it does not spit out any message. What about running with the -v (verbose) option? For example
Code:
yum -v list bash
Moreover, is there any error message in the system logs? Check /var/log/yum.log, /var/log/messages or /var/log/secure.
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