Tar can not work in parallel on multiple cores, but there are two compression utilities which provide this functionality: pbzip2 and mgzip. They are compatible with their "serial" counterparts, for decompression. So you can create a normal archive and then compress it using one of these utilities. Here is an example of performance on a machine with 2 XEON QUAD CORE CPUs (8 cores):
Code:
$ time pbzip2 file.nc
real 0m19.708s
user 2m31.685s
sys 0m1.399s
$
$ time bzip2 file.nc
real 1m57.925s
user 1m56.934s
sys 0m0.762s