The chances are that your printer's drivers are already installed on your linux box. In fact, with most modern distros, I have found that if I install with the printer turned on and connected, it is automatically configured for me.
Anyway, most distros use
cups for controlling printers.
cups can be configured with an easy web-based interface.
Plug in (most reliable is Parallel port / Ethernet, second choice is USB) and turn on your printer.
If you are using an ethernet connection to your printer, configure the printer so it is on your subnet (eg if your PC is 192.168.0.2, your printer should be something like 192.168.0.3
not 10.0.0.2). The printer will be listening on port :9100
Now start the
cups configuration: Go to
http://localhost:631 with your browser. You'll normally have to login to
cups as root, and give root's password.
Click "Add Printer" and off you go, following the prompts. Keep your printer-name etc. short, and without spaces or strange characters. If you are offered a variety of drivers for your printer, try them in turn until you find one that works.
Don't forget to set the paper-size. Don't forget to set your printer as the default.
If your printer model is not listed, or the drivers do not work, come back here with
details and we'll see what we can do.
At the bottom of this page you'll see "Links to similar threads", they might be useful to you