I've seen this kinda post lots of times in LQ, most all of them have "a small list".
I'll tell you anyway, just to be kind.
This is the software that I use.
Multimedia(videos mainly) --- mplayer
cd audio ---- kscd
I don't know if you also want to know stuff like webrowser but anyway.
Webbrowser ----- firefox (the absolute best I've ever used)
Email client ---- evolution
Viewing pictures --- kuickshow
Office --- Open Office
These are my preferred programs. I'm not sure if this is a proper answer to your question. I'm also lerning C at the moment, which is fun and like to use Kate as an IDE.