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I'm trying to step up a bit on the Linux ladder after only using Linux in a server environment, that is, always without the GUI and desktop software.
I've successfully installed several distros on my USB stick using Unetbootin and wanted to try to install more than one on the same stick.
I can boot from the stick and get the complete list from which to choose. When choosing it seems that the appropriate kernel gets loaded but none of the distros complete the startup. Dreamlinux fails with the error that no modules are found, LinuxMint shows its startup screen with the 'time bar' and hangs there, as does SuperUbuntu. Mandriva apparently only wants to install and not run from the stick, Gentoo just does nothing.
I'm sure it has to be in my config, since this is new to me, but I cannot find out how to fix it.
I have all the distros installed one by one, copying the relevant files after installation to a directory and changing the syslinux.cfg, ubnpathl.txt and ubnfilel.txt.
Below is my syslinux.cfg
Code:
default vesamenu.c32
prompt 0
menu title UNetbootin
timeout 100
label unetbootindefault
menu label Default
kernel /DreamLinux/ubnkern
append initrd=/DreamLinux/ubninit lang=us vga=791 nosplash boot_image=/DreamLinux/modules/base/basex wm=xfce
label ubnentry0
menu label Dreamlinux | XFCE
kernel /DreamLinux/ubnkern
append initrd=/DreamLinux/ubninit lang=us vga=791 nosplash boot_image=/DreamLinux/modules/base/basex wm=xfce
label ubnentry1
menu label Memtest | Memory diagnostic tool
kernel /DreamLinux/ubnkern
append initrd=/DreamLinux/ubninit
label ubnentry2
menu label Start Linux Mint
kernel /LinuxMint/casper/vmlinuz
append initrd=/LinuxMint/casper/initrd.gz file=/LinuxMint/preseed/mint.seed boot=casper quiet splash --
label ubnentry3
menu label Super Ubuntu
kernel /SuperUbuntu/ubnkern
append initrd=/SuperUbuntu/ubninit file=/SuperUbuntu/preseed/ubuntu.seed boot=casper quiet splash --
label ubnentry4
menu label Gentoo
kernel /Gentoo/ubnkern
append initrd=/Gentoo/ubninit
label ubnentry5
menu label Mandriva
kernel /Mandriva/ubnkern
append initrd=/Mandriva/ubninit
Can someone point me in the right direction or did I do everything wrong? I want to have some GUI distros on my USB stick since we're looking into re-installing all our Windows desktops with Linux (300+). Using this option and USB stick I can easily show my management some distros so that they can choose from them. It also allows them to use them without having to install various machines.
I've installed (or tried to) several live linux systems on
usb sticks (from 1GB to 4GB). Some I couldn't. But I've been
successful with these:
slax
grml
pmagic
riplinux
(and a few others that I didn't keep).
I usually start with slax:
1. unpack slax-$version.iso
2. copy the 2 folders boot, slax and their contents to the
usb drive
go to the boot directory in the usb drive and create there
a slax subfolder where I move these 2 files:
initrd.gz vmlinuz
edit the menu config file 'slax.cfg' to reflect the change of path:
e.g.
KERNEL /boot/slax/vmlinuz
....
APPEND vga=791 initrd=/boot/slax/initrd.gz ramdisk_size=6666 root=/dev/ram0 rw copy2ram noauto
...
3. make the usb stick bootable by running a shell script provided by slax:
first cd to the boot folder on the usb drive
then run: ./bootinst.sh
4. add the other distros (grml, pmagic, RIPlinux) by proceeding in a
similar way (unpack the iso, copy files/directories, move some of them
if necessary create new subfolders then edit the config file accordingly)
Here's some of the contents of the usb drive:
boot/:
slax/: initrd.gz vmlinuz
grml/: initrd.gz linux26
rip/: doc/ initrd.gz kernel32 kernel64 rootfs.cgz
No need for Unetbootin dog, as vonbiber said
you just gotta edit some stuff and use the bootcodes for each distro
so, here's my current 4gb usb
sdb1 fat32 grml-medium(remaster), pmagic-4.4(remaster), slax-6.1.2,
tinycore-2.2(remaster), sidux-xfce, rescuepup-beta(browserpuppy remaster) and some tools like sgd, plop, grub4dos, zoros-3.6
and others
sdb2 ext2 labeled "live-rw" (persistentcy for grml),
you can also put all of these on your hd in 1 parttion
my ubuntu 9.04 (ultimate edition 2.3) partition is sda6
I put grml, slax, puppy, fedora11, and tinycore all in that partition along with ubuntu
How?
Thats a story on it's own
you guys wanna know about remastering grml,pmagic,etc real easy?
Thanks vonbiber and linus72 for your reply. So if I understand you correctly it's better to just format the USB stick and create several partitions on it, then install something like GRUB on it and after that install each distro on a separate partition. Is that a better way to approach?
How do I find out/know which files should be moved into a separate directory? Or better said: are there specific files that need to be in the root or boot directory?
So if I understand you correctly it's better to just format the USB stick and create several partitions on it, then install something like GRUB on it and after that install each distro on a separate partition. Is that a better way to approach?
How do I find out/know which files should be moved into a separate directory? Or better said: are there specific files that need to be in the root or boot directory?
No, actually if you choose the slax bootinst.sh you can have all of
them in the same (vfat-formatted) partition.
slax uses syslinux
I haven't tried with grub on a flash disk. But I did a frugal install
on my hard drive (I used an available linux formatted partition to place
all the distros there and then created entries in my already existing
grub menu).
I can give you more details about how I placed the files and folders
from the different distros if you tell me which ones you're interested
in.
If you start with slax, basically you keep the same
tree structure
/boot and /slax (at the root of your usb drive)
except that in /boot
you create a subfolder named slax and move vmlinuz and initrd.gz in it
so that instead of the original
/boot/{vmlinuz,initrd.gz}
now you'll have
/boot/slax/{vmlinuz,initrd.gz}
then you edit /boot/slax.cfg and replace all the strings
/boot/vmlinuz with /boot/slax/vmlinuz
and
/boot/initrd.gz with /boot/slax/initrd.gz
It's possible to do that (moving files/folder around) for the
distros I mentionned. But not for some other distros where these
paths are hard-coded somewhere it's hard to have access to.
I want to use this USB drive to show to our management various distro's that could replace our Windows installs (looking forward to doing this, although most of the users will not like it ). So I'd like to have something like Ubuntu (or similar), DreamLinux (which has Xfce), LinuxMint, and others that would be considered complete desktop OS's.
I noticed from your posts that the distro's you use are typical for sysadmins, hence what I'm trying to do might not work for the reason you mentioned, the hardcoded paths.
I want to use this USB drive to show to our management various distro's that could replace our Windows installs (looking forward to doing this, although most of the users will not like it ). So I'd like to have something like Ubuntu (or similar), DreamLinux (which has Xfce), LinuxMint, and others that would be considered complete desktop OS's.
I noticed from your posts that the distro's you use are typical for sysadmins, hence what I'm trying to do might not work for the reason you mentioned, the hardcoded paths.
Among the ones I mentionned most can be considered complete desktop,
except grml (that do have an X interface but is mostly a
sysadmin-type and is meant to be used from the console)
slax: comes with kde
I would strongly recommend this one. It's easy to add more software
afterward (browsers, lampp, etc.)
grml: this one is typical sysadmin distro.
It's meant to be used from the console but it does have
some light window managers (not kde nor gnome)
pmagic: comes with fluxbox I think
this one is useful if you want to repartition/resize your existing
partitions and do stuff like that
riplinux: fluxbox I think
this one (RecoveryIsPossible) is also more specialized
It has a wealth of recovery/repair tools
I mentionned those because I have installed them successfully.
I know that there are other live distros (buntu-types) that are
harder to install along with others (they expect to be the only
distro on the partition).
There are a few slax-derivatives such as dreamlinux, ...
that I did try but I just don't like them.
Let me know if you want me to post my syslinux menu and
a tree list so you'd get an idea about how you can place
files/folders, what kind of entries in the menu, etc.
That would be great if you could post that info here, so I can play around with it this weekend. I'm currently in the process of throwing all Window$ things out the door except for the one laptop I use at work.
I have to be an example if I want others to follow in the company but at this time I'm also struggling with some applications that are used and need to be 'replaced' by Linux equivalents, but I'm getting there.
Thanks for all your help so far, I really appreciate it.
That would be great if you could post that info here, so I can play around with it this weekend. I'm currently in the process of throwing all Window$ things out the door except for the one laptop I use at work.
I have to be an example if I want others to follow in the company but at this time I'm also struggling with some applications that are used and need to be 'replaced' by Linux equivalents, but I'm getting there.
Ok, will do
I forgot to mention slampp (this one is huge: about 2GB).
I tested the previous version. I found some bugs (that I was able
to fix on the spot) and I reported them.
I saw in the current release changelog that they have fixed
a certain number of bugs, including those I mentionned.
I changed the background image (slax.png) with my own and
I named it bg.png (see top of menu)
You'll notice that I have different slax versions in the
same menu. For this to work I needed to further tweak
the initrd.gz file. But if you use only one version you
don't need to do that.
And here are the entries I used for slampp:
#################################
MENU LABEL slampp (X)
KERNEL /boot/slampp/vmlinuz
#APPEND max_loop=255 initrd=/boot/slampp/initrd.gz from=/slampp init=linuxrc load_ramdisk=1 prompt_ramdisk=0 ramdisk_size=6666 root=/dev/ram0 rw vga=791 splash=silent keyb=us lang=en_US autologin
APPEND initrd=/boot/slampp/initrd.gz from=/slampp init=linuxrc load_ramdisk=1 prompt_ramdisk=0 ramdisk_size=6666 root=/dev/ram0 rw vga=791 splash=silent keyb=us lang=en_US autologin
TEXT HELP
More about currently selected:
Run slampp the best way we can.
Try to autoconfigure graphics
card and use the maximum
allowed resolution
ENDTEXT
LABEL vesaslampp
MENU LABEL slampp (vesa X)
KERNEL /boot/slampp/vmlinuz
#APPEND max_loop=255 initrd=/boot/slampp/initrd.gz from=/slampp init=linuxrc load_ramdisk=1 prompt_ramdisk=0 ramdisk_size=6666 root=/dev/ram0 rw vga=791 splash=silent xforcevesa keyb=us lang=en_US autologin
APPEND initrd=/boot/slampp/initrd.gz from=/slampp init=linuxrc load_ramdisk=1 prompt_ramdisk=0 ramdisk_size=6666 root=/dev/ram0 rw vga=791 splash=silent xforcevesa keyb=us lang=en_US autologin
TEXT HELP
More about currently selected:
Run slampp with Xfce
using standard VESA driver
ENDTEXT
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