Is there a some kind of software or a combination of software for mail server which can filter received attachments and put them in quarantine for later examination and eventual forwarding to the user?

I know about Zimbra and Scalix but I'm not sure if they are capable of doing this. I tried Zimbra but it can only bounce the mail with attachment back to the originating user with information that it can not be delivered to the recipient.

I need a system that can allow me to check received e-mail with attachment in quarantine
and forward it to the local user or to delete it automatically after some time.

This feature is present in MS Exchange but we are now migrating to open source options.

It's not on open source solution (although it is based on open source technologies) but the barracuda Spam Firewall will block attachments, the admin can release specific messages and have them delivered. I use a barracuda in front of my Postfix mail server, it's reasonably priced and I find it easier to manage than spamassassin/clamav, etc..

It's one option anyway..