I posted earlier here. The set of commands I've been given are

They do work it seems but I get error messages. The screenshot of the terminal output is displayed below.

The first error is:

I have already discussed it and got some answers. They are too cryptic for me.

How can I insert a FQDN in a file here. I understand I need to insert a name in hosts or hostname files. Correct?

Then there is dpkg error. What shall I do about it?

Then there is this persistent qmail error. It does not install perhaps because of the previous errors? Please take a look at the screenshot.

Can I get step by step answers considering my utter greenness?

Thanks, - Alex

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this sounds like a VM error and not a "install gfortran" error
check your VirtualBox settings

for a virtual install to connect to the net
it needs a bridge made for it

John W, I know for a fact that my Ubuntu is Internet connected. I use Thunderbird, I browse the Internet. What kind of bridge are you talking about?