Error: collect 2: ld returned 1 exit status

Rituparna · 06-24-2009, 03:12 PM

I am trying to install the program "r8s" onto my RHEL 5 through its makefile.

I am getting the following error. Any help would be appreciated.

Code:

[Ritu@localhost src]$ make
gcc   -o r8s  -L/sw/lib   DrawTree.o TreeSim.o moment.o powell.o ConstrOpt.o MyUtilities.o WuLi.o DistrFuncs.o NRCvectorUtils.o distance.o penalty.o ObjFunc.o main.o relativeRates.o ReadNexusFile2.o  memory.o root3taxa.o TimeAlgorithms.o nextToken2.o storeNexusFile.o MinND.o TreeUtils.o structures.o blas.o tn.o TNwrapper.o continuousML.o ancestral.o -lg2c -lm  
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lg2c
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [r8s] Error 1

GrapefruiTgirl · 06-24-2009, 03:20 PM

That is an error from the linker, telling you that it cannot find a library it is looking for, called libg2c.so or something very similar to that.

Verify that the library it seeks is actually on the machine somewhere, and add a linker include argument directing the linker where to look for it.

If there is a ./configure script you are using first, before the 'make', you can probably add an argument to that script when you execute it, which will be passed on to the linker.

Cheers,
Sasha

Rituparna · 06-25-2009, 09:05 AM

Quote:

Originally Posted by GrapefruiTgirl

Verify that the library it seeks is actually on the machine somewhere, and add a linker include argument directing the linker where to look for it.

Thanks for the response. I am new to Linux, so I am not sure how to do the things you have mentioned. Could you or someone else please elaborate?

How do I verify if this library exists and then how do I add a linker?

GrapefruiTgirl · 06-25-2009, 09:33 AM

Well, if you use a configure script first, then type `configure --help` and near the bottom of the output, it will show (or it should show) how to add a location for the linker to look in for the libraries it wants. Something like:

EXTRA_LIBS=-L/usr/local/lib

or

EXTRA_LIB=-l/usr/lib/libg2c.so

Though these are rough examples; you can also "export" these type of arguments, so you don't need to give them with the configure/make commands.

To see if a library actually exists on the machine, try the `locate` or `find` commands.

Sasha

Rituparna · 06-25-2009, 10:11 AM

When I searched for libg2c.so, it said that there was no such file or directory. Where can I get this file?

GrapefruiTgirl · 06-25-2009, 10:18 AM

Best I can tell from a quick Google search, is that it is part of the GCC compiler package.

On my system, libg2c.so is in /usr/lib.

Sasha

Rituparna · 06-25-2009, 10:24 AM

I found libg2c.so in my /usr/lib. Now I just have to figure out how to link it...

Rituparna · 06-25-2009, 10:58 AM

I am still not sure how to add a location for the linker to look in to find this library. There is no configure script.

Rituparna · 06-25-2009, 12:32 PM

Can I edit the makefile itself?

This is a portion of the original makefile:

PHP Code:



# Make file for r8s 
# Updated April 2003 for Linux and Mac OS 10.2. No other builds currently supported 
# 
 
FC = g77  # Fortran compiler; standard on Linux, may have to go fetch this on OS X! (get it from Fink) 
CC = gcc  # GNU C compiler 
LIBS =  -lg2c -lm  # FORTRAN to C library, and standard C library  
LPATH = -L/sw/lib  # This is the directory where Mac's Fink stuck the g2c library  
#CFLAGS = -g -std=c99 -pedantic  # for debugging, etc.  
CFLAGS =  # usual case

I edited LPATH to equal -L/usr/lib, which is where libg2c.so and libm.so can be found. It still gives the same error, though...

GrapefruiTgirl · 06-25-2009, 01:54 PM

Yes, you probably *could* edit the makefile, either to add/adjust the LIBS path, and/or maybe the very gcc command that failed, you could put a linker search path there.
If you do, keep comments anywhere you change something so if you get mixed up, you know what you've done. Of course, you must have an archive of the sourcecode for this anyway, just in case.

Depending how long/complex the Makefile is, it may take a while to figure out all the locations!

Sasha

Rituparna · 06-25-2009, 02:47 PM

Okay, I was able to edit the makefile successfully. Thanks for your help!

GrapefruiTgirl · 06-25-2009, 02:54 PM

Excellent, Well done!

Sasha